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31	Animal Products and Sustainable Post-Harvest Technology	ABS-79
NUTRITIONAL COMPOSITION OF MILK STICK PRODUCT WITH MORINGA EXTRACT NANO EMULSION AS FORTIFICATION Fitri Eka Lestari(a) , Ambar Fidyasari(a), Ria Dewi Andriani(b), Erna Susanti(a), Yuli Frita Nuningtyas(b), Marjuki(b), Nanik Astuti Rahman(c), Erlangga Setyawan(d). Bayu Sutawijaya(d) (a)Nutrition Departement, Politeknik Kesehatan Putra Indonesia Malang, Malang 65123, Indonesia (b)Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, Indonesia (c)Faculty of Industrial Technology, Institut Teknologi Nasional, Malang 65143, Indonesia (d)Faculty of Vocational, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, Indonesia Abstract Abstract. Moringa extract (Moringa olifera L) has many properties including as an antioxidant, antimicrobial and various other health benefits. Moringa extract made onto form of nano emulsion, became an agent of bioactive compounds that have higher absorption towards the target cell. The purpose of this study was to determine the nutritional composition of milk stick snack products made using cow^s milk curd with moringa extract nanoemulsion fortification at a concentration of 0.5% as a food additive. This study was conducted with the stages of making milk sticks with moringa extract nanoemulsion fortification and proximate testing which includes protein, fat, water content, ash and carbohydrate. The data were analysed using general linear model (GLM) , if there was a significant effect, followed by the Tukey test. The results obtained proximate results with protein content of 10.033 + 0.11%, fat content of 32.35% + 0.21, water content of 4.83% + 0.15, ash content of 3.02% + 0.04 and carbohydrate content 49.76% +0.29. This study can be concluded that the fortification of moringa extract nanoemulsion affects the proximate value of milk sticks. Keywords: milk stick, nano emulsion, moringa extract, proximate Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Fitri Eka Lestari)

32	Animal Products and Sustainable Post-Harvest Technology	ABS-80
A Systematic Review of the Literature to Investigate Theoretical Frameworks for Halal Supply Chain Management in Broiler Chicken Production Puji Akhiroh, Budi Hartono, Hari Dwi Utami, Khotibul Umam Al Awwaly, Agus Susilo, Dewi Masyithoh, Nanang Febrianto, Nabila Nur Hidayati Universitas Brawijaya Abstract The growing Muslim population and increased understanding of halal rules have led to a major increase in the global demand for halal products, particularly in the chicken business. The Systematic Literature Review (SLR) in this article focuses on the theoretical frameworks and difficulties involved in managing halal supply chains in the production of broiler chickens. Key theoretical models, such as the Halal Assurance System (HAS), the Halal Supply Chain Model, and the Halal Risk Management Framework, are summarized in the paper along with their advantages and shortcomings in terms of empirical validation. Examining the raising, killing, processing, packing, and distribution phases of the halal supply chain is crucial. Each stage poses a different set of difficulties, such as making sure the animals are treated humanely, avoiding cross-contamination, and managing differing standards. This analysis points out important gaps in the literature and suggests future lines of inquiry to create halal supply chains that are more efficient while also boosting customer confidence and compliance. Keywords: Halal, Supply Chain, Chicken Production Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Puji Akhiroh)

33	Animal Products and Sustainable Post-Harvest Technology	ABS-87
Dairy creamer nutrition compound enriched with hydrolyzed goldband snapper (Pristipomides multidens) visceral oilPlease Just Try to Submit This Sample Abstract Ria Dewi Andriani1, Lilik Eka Radiati1*, Teti Estiasih2 Just Try to Submit This Sample Abstract 1 Department of Animal Product Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, Indonesia 2 Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, Indonesia Abstract Dairy creamer is popular milk product that used to enhance the flavor of beverages. Most of dairy creamer contain vegetable oils that pose great health threats specifically due to the issues of trans fatty acids, so hydrolyzed goldband snapper (Pristipomides multidens) visceral oil is rich in omega-3 fatty acid was applied in the formulation of dairy creamer. The present study aimed to study the addition of hydrolyzed goldband snapper visceral oil on nutritional compound of dairy creamer including fat, protein, carbohydrate, and ash content. In this study the effect of hydrolyzed goldband snapper visceral oil with 0.2%, 0.4%, and 0.6% (w/v) were evaluated. The results indicated that dairy creamers with the addition of hydrolyzed goldband snapper visceral oil didn^t gave significant different on the fat, protein, carbohydrate, and ash content of dairy creamer (p-value > 0.05). On the other hand, protein and fat content were increased with increased of substitution level hydrolyzed goldband snapper visceral oil. It can be concluded that all dairy creamer tested in this study produced dairy creamer with good nutritional properties. Keywords: dairy creamer- visceral oil- nutrition compound Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Ria Dewi Andriani)

34	Feed Resources and Technology	ABS-3
Antibacterial activity and characterization of Peronema canescens Jack leaf extract nano-encapsulated loaded in chitosan under storage condition Bella Putri Maharani(a*), Hafi Luthfi Sanjaya (a), Aji Praba Baskara (a), Nanung Danar Dono (a), Bambang Ariyadi (b), and Zuprizal (a) a)Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Fauna 3, Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia b)Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Fauna 3, Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia Abstract Objective of this study was to determine the effects of different one-month storage conditions (at room temperature vs. in refrigerator) on the storage stability of the sungkai (Peronema canescens Jack) leaves extract, using encapsulation efficiency of phenol, particle size and distribution, zeta potential, and antibacterial activity as response criteria observed. Extraction of the sungkai leaves were performed using a maceration process to produce a thick extract for nanoencapsulation process. The leaf extract was encapsulated with chitosan using the ionic gelation method. Current study using 70% ethanol extraction showed that sungkai leaf extract contains bioactive compounds, such as phenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, steroids, and saponins. Different storage conditions did not influence antibacterial property, but both reduced zeta potential value of the nano-capsulated extract. Room temperature storage showed better particle stability as shown in the smaller particle size (91.823 nm), narrower dispersion (0.267 nm), and appeared more homogeny, than those of in-refrigerator storage. However, storage at cold temperature increased phenol nanoencapsulation efficiency by 33.017, than that of at room temperature storage. Results showed that leaf extract might be stored for one month, at room temperature or in the cold room temperature, without any adverse effect on the antibacterial property of the herbal feed additive. Keywords: Antibacterial property, Nanoencapsulated, Peronema canescens Jack leaves, Storage stability Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Bella Putri Maharani)

35	Feed Resources and Technology	ABS-4
The Effect of Soybean Meal and Organic Micro Minerals (Zn and Cr) Supplementation on the Digestibility of Dry Matter, Organic Matter, Crude Protein, and Crude Fiber in Rambon Male Goats Please Just Muhtarudin1, Erwanto2, Liman2, Fitria Tsani Farda2, Muhammad Mirandy Pratama Sirat2, Adek Rayhan Regisa2, and Komang Diah Pramuditha2Try to Submit This Sample Abstract 1Study Program of Doctoral Postgraduate, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lampung, Jl. Soemantri Brodjonegoro No. 1, Bandar Lampung, 35145, Indonesia 2Study Program of Animal Nutrition and Feed Technology, Department of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lampung, Jl. Soemantri Brodjonegoro No. 1, Bandar Lampung, 35145, Indonesia *Corresponding author: muhtarudin.1961[at]fp.unila.ac.id Abstract This study aims to determine the effect of soybean meal (SBM) and organic minerals (Zn and Cr) supplementation in rations on the digestibility of crude protein, crude fiber, dry matter, and organic matter in male Rambon goats from November 2022 to January 2023 at Teaching Farm and Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed, Department of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lampung. The experimental design used was a randomized block design with 4 treatments and 3 replications, involving 12 male Rambon goats. The treatments were as follows: P1: 100% basal ration (silage of cassava leaves, cassava, palm oil cake, and urea)- P2: 90% basal ration + 10% SBM- P3: 100% basal ration + 40 ppm Zn and 0.3 ppm Cr- P4: 90% basal ration + 10% SBM + 40 ppm Zn and 0.3 ppm Cr. Data were analyzed using ANOVA followed by the LSD test at the 5% level. The conclusions of this study showed that 1) there was a significant effect (P<0.05) on the digestibility of crude protein (P3, 78.40%) and crude fiber (P4, 69.79%)- and 2) there was no significant effect (P>0.05) on the digestibility of dry matter and organic matter. Keywords: Digestibility, Organic micro mineral, Rambon goat, Soybean meal, Supplementation Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Muhtarudin Muhtarudin)

36	Feed Resources and Technology	ABS-13
Nutrient Digestibilities in Rusa Timor (Cervus timorensis de Blainville 1822) Fed on Maize Forage ad libitum Supplemented with Rice Bran and or Gliricidia sepium a*M.S.Arifuddin, aDamry, aM. Mangun, aNajamudin, bR. Utomo aStudy Program of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Fisheries, Tadulako University, Palu 94119, Indonesia bFaculty of Animal Science, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, 55288, Indonesia Abstract Abstract A study was carried out to investigate nutrient digestibilities in rusa timor (Cervus timorensis) fed on maize forage ad libitum supplemented with rice bran and or Gliricidia sepium. This was done in Palu, Indonesia from June to December 2011 using five male rusa timor with an age range of 1 - 2 years old and body weight of between 30 - 45 kg. The animals were allocated to five treatments each of which was replicated five times following a latin square experimental design. The treatments tested were R0 = maize forage ad libitum (M)- R1 = M + rice bran 1.5%- R2 = M + rice bran 1.0% + 0.5% Gliricidia sepium- R3 = M + rice bran 0.5% + Gliricidia sepium 1.0%- R4 = M + Gliricidia sepium 1.5%. The supplements were provided as percentages of animal body weight on dry matter basis. Each period consisted of preliminary and data collection phases. Data of feed consumption and faecal excretion samples were collected for seven days, and the samples were bulked at the end of the study and sub sampled for laboratoty analysis. Data were analysed with an analysis of variance. Results indicated that the treatments did not affect (P > 0.05) the nutrient digestibility of feed dry matter, organic matter, and crude protein, but it did affect (P < 0.05) that of crude fat. Keywords: Cervus timorensis, maize forage, rice bran, Gliricidia sepium Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Muhammad Sadik Arifuddin Arifuddin)

37	Feed Resources and Technology	ABS-14
Evaluation of cocoa pod husk production and nutrient content as ruminant feed Jessicha Gabrielle Elisabeth(a*), Hartutik (b), Marjuki (b) (a) Graduate school of animal science, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya (b) Departement of nutrition and feed technology,Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya Abstract Abstract. This study evaluates the productivity of cocoa crop waste as feed ingredients in North Toraja Regency in terms of production and nutritional content. The research was conducted in Salu Sarre from April to June 2024, the second harvest season, using primary and secondary data. Sampling was carried out using the simple random sampling method with a total sample of 3 largest farms in the area. Data processing methods with descriptive analysis. The results of the analysis show that plant age affects productivity and skin percentage. As for the nutritional content by comparing with grass used as feed material, the results are not so different, but it is necessary to evaluate the high fiber content which is feared will reduce digestibility and even interfere with the digestive system. Therefore, it is necessary to further evaluate the fiber content and fiber fraction because it is a factor that inhibits the digestibility of feed ingredients. Keywords: Cocoa pod husk, Animal Feed, Nutrient Content, Production Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Jessicha Gabrielle Elisabeth)

38	Feed Resources and Technology	ABS-16
Extraction And Identification Of Polyphenol Compounds From Red Galangal Rhizom (Alpinia officinarum) Fermented by Lactobacillus plantarum using GC-MS Method Eka Fitasari(1*), Osfar Sjofjan(2), Eko Widodo(2), Lilik Eka Radiati(2) 1)Doctoral Program, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, Indonesia *Corresponding author, eka_fitasari83[at]yahoo.co.id 2)Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, Indonesia Abstract The use of galangal-derived animal feed additives requires proper treatment to increase its bioactive components. This study aims to increase the polyphenol components in red galangal flour (Alpinia officinarum) through fermentation and extraction processes. The method used was a completely randomized design with four treatments, namely galangal without fermentation and galangal fermented using Lactobacillus plantarum. Each treatment was then extracted using two types of solvents: 70% ethanol and aquades. The results showed that extraction using 70% ethanol on galangal fermented with Lactobacillus plantarum had a significant effect (p<0.05) on total phenols and antioxidant activity. In addition, this extraction also increased total flavonoids compared to unfermented galangal. Analysis of polyphenol content using GC-MS showed that the main components contained in the fermented galangal extract included 1-pentanol, 2,3-dimethyl- silanol, trimethyl- pentanoic acid, 4-oxo-, ethyl ester- 2,3-diethoxy-propionic acid, ethyl ester- 9-octadecanoic acid (Z), methyl ester- and 2-propenoic acid, 3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-, 2-ethyl ester. These components contribute to the increase in total phenolic components in fermented galangal extract compared to non-fermented. Keywords: red galangal, Lactobacillus plantarum, extraction, fermented, polyphenol Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Eka Fitasari)

39	Feed Resources and Technology	ABS-18
Feed NDF and ADF Digestibilities In Timor Deer (Cervus Timorensis) Receiving An Additional Feed Of Oil Palm Meal and Its Daily Activities In Captivity *aM. Mangun, aM.S. Arifuddin, aDamry, aNajamudin, , aMirajuddin, aSyahrir, aY.duma, aSukisman, aM. Tanari, aMustafa Tadulako University, Palu Abstract Abstrack. Study to investigate the digestibility of feed NDF and ADF components in Timor deer (Cervus timporensis) and its daily activities (eating, drinking, resting, sleeping, and chewing activities) in Timor deer (Cervus timorensis) receiving an additional feed of oil palm meal at different levels was carried out in August - September 2019. This study used 4 Timor deer, aged about 1-2 years, with a body weight range of 25-30 kg.The research was designed experimentally using the Latin Square Design (RBSL) with 4 treatments and 4 replications. The treatments applied were BKS0 (oil palm meal 0% + rice bran 94.49% + urea 3.80% + premix 1.0 % + salt 1.0 %) BKS10 (palm oil meal 10 % + rice bran 84, 91 % + urea 3.08% + premix 1.0 % + salt 1.0 %), BKS20 (oil palm meal 20 % + rice bran 75.33 % + urea 2.67 % + premix 1.0 % + salt 1 0.0 %), and BKS30 (oil palm meal 30 % + rice bran 65.74% + 2.25% urea + Premix 1.0% + salt 1.0 %). Data collection of the daily activities Timor deer uses a camera closed-circuit television (CCTV) of the Xiaomi xiaofang type, the camera is placed at the front of the research cage which is connected to the cellphone and can store the recordings in a micro external memory so that it can be reviewed at any time. Results showed that the digestibility of NDF fiber components tended to be affected significantly by the treatment with an average digestibility value for the treatment BKS0 = 69.99%, BKS10 = 63.84%, BKS20 = 63.01%, and BKS30 = 63.23%. The digestibility of ADF was affected significantly by the treatment with an average digestibility values for the treatment BKS0 = 55.98%, BKS10 = 47.21%, BKS20 = 45.17%, and BKS30 = 48.06%. The daily activities of Timor deer was found to be as follows: BKS0 = resting 55.9%, eating 30.7%, chewing 8.78%, sleeping 4.26%, drinking 0.48%, BKS10 = resting 55.97%, eating 27.28%, chewing 9.3%, sleeping 7.22%, and drinking 0.41%, BKS20 = resting 48.05%, eating 29.3%, chewing 12.04%, sleeping 10.09%, and drinking 0.48%, and BKS30 = resting 52.35%, eating 27.67%, chewing 13.85%, sleeping 5.79%, and drinking 0.41%. Based on the results of the study, it was concluded that there was an effect on fiber digestibility on the lower fiber fraction content. The lower the fiber content, the better the quality of the feed because the feed is easy to digest. Daily activity of Timor deer which is given rations with different levels of oil palm meal with 12 hours of observation shows that resting activity is more dominant followed by eating, ruminating, sleeping and the least activity is drinking. Keywords: Timor deer, digestibility, NDF, ADF, daily activities Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Mardiah Mangun Mangun)

40	Feed Resources and Technology	ABS-27
Exploring Soybean Alternatives for Sustainable Animal Nutrition Rini Dwi Wahyuni (a*), Hermanto (a), Siti Nurul Kamaliyah (a), and Hanief Eko Sulistiyo (a) (a) Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, Indonesia *rinidwi_w[at]ub.ac.id Abstract Soybean meal is a major protein source in animal feed, its production is associated with concerns about environmental issues, economic volatility, and ethical implications. This study looks at alternative protein sources to replace or reduce soybean meal in animal diets while maintaining or improving animal performance and general feed efficiency. The study aims to contribute to the development of more sustainable and resilient livestock production systems by identifying suitable substitutes. Velvet bean (Mucuna pruriens), jack bean (Canavalia ensiformis), pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan), and hyacinth bean (Lablab purpureus) offer potential as soybean substitutes as animal feed. These legumes possess comparable protein content, amino acid profiles, and other essential nutrients making them viable alternatives. Velvet beans excel in tropical climates and have high protein content, but careful processing is needed due to anti-nutritional factors. Jack bean is another protein powerhouse with potential for livestock feed, though its toxicity requires proper handling. Pigeon pea is a versatile legume with good protein quality and adaptability to various conditions. Hyacinth bean, while less commonly studied, shows promise as a forage and protein source. Further research is necessary to optimize the use of these legumes in animal diets and address any processing or antinutritional concerns. Keywords: soybean alternatives, animal nutrition, sustainability, protein sources, legumes Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Rini Dwi Wahyuni)

41	Feed Resources and Technology	ABS-32
Nutritional Content and Fermentation Conditions of Whole-plant Corn Silage Cultivated in Rice Fields During the Dry Season from Various Varieties and Additives Nurul Purnomo 1,2, Asmuddin Natsir 3*, Ambo Ako 4, Ismartoyo 3 1 Graduate School, Hasanuddin University, Kota Makassar 90245, Indonesia 2 Program Studi Peternakan, University Muhammadiyah Sidenreng Rappang, Kab. Sidenreng Rappang 91651, Indonesia 3 Department of Nutrition and Animal Feed, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Hasanuddin University, Kota Makassar 902445, Indonesia 4 Departement of Animal Product, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Hasanuddin University, Kota Makassar 90245, Indonesia *Corresponding author: asmudin_natsir[at]unhas.ac.id Abstract This study aims to determine the nutritional content and fermentation conditions of whole-plant corn (WPC) silage cultivated in rice fields during the dry season from various varieties with additives. This study consisted of 2 treatments, namely V1: Lamuru corn variety and V2: Pioneer P32 corn variety, and 3 groups, namely K0: control, K1: additive rice bran, and K2: additive molasses. The results showed that corn varieties did not significantly affect DM, OM, CP, EE, NFE, Ash, NDF, and ATL. However, hemicellulose levels of V1 were higher, and the CF, ADF, Cellulose, and lignin levels of V1 were lower. Adding additives did not affect DM, CP, CF, NFE, ADF, NDF, cellulose, lignin, and ATL content. Adding rice bran significantly decreased the OM but increased the EE, Ash, and hemicellulose content. Adding molasses significantly decreased the OM content but increased the Ash content. Corn plant varieties did not affect pH, lactic acid, VFA, and ammonia, but the soluble sugar content in V1 was significantly higher. Adding rice bran increased pH and ammonia but did not affect lactic acid, soluble sugars, and VFA. Adding molasses decreased the pH and increased ammonia content but did not affect the lactic acid, soluble sugar, and VFA. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that WPC silage cultivated in rice fields during the dry season on the Lamuru variety has better nutritional content, but the fermentation parameters are the same as Pioneer P32. The addition of additives reduced some of the nutritional content, and fermentation parameters of WPC silage. Keywords: The nutritional content of silages, Fermentation parameters of silages, corn silage varieties, silage additives, rice land in dry season Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Nurul Purnomo)

42	Feed Resources and Technology	ABS-36
THE EFFECT OF SUBSTITUTION OF COCOA POD ON GRASS FEED TO BLIGON GOAT PERFORMANCE Engkus Ainul Yakin, Ali Mursyid Wahyu Mulyono, Sri Sukaryani Universitas Veteran Bangun Nusantara Abstract This experiment was aimed to evaluate the effect of cocoa pod fermented as feed for Bligon goats. Sixteen Bligon goat with a body weight of 11-13 kg were put into individual cages which were equipped with feed and drink containers. The study design uses a completely randomized design in a unidirectional pattern with four treatments and four replications. Cocoa pod fermented used Phanerochaete chrysosporium. The experimental treatments were T1= 30% of fresh king grass + 50% of dried king grass + 20% of concentrate- T2= 30% of fresh king grass + 30% of dried king grass + 40% of concentrate- T3= 30% of fresh king grass + 30% of cocoa pod + 40% of concentrate- and T4= 30% of fresh king grass + 30% of cocoa pod fermented + 40% of concentrate. Observed variables were feed intake, average daily gain and feed convertion. The result showed that cocoa pod fermented at the level of 30% had higher (P<0.05) feed intake (560.33 g day-1), average convertion gain (101.79 g head-1day-1), and feed conversion (5.50) compared to other treatments. The conclusion of this study was the use of 30% cocoa pod fermented in the ration showed the best average daily gain and feed convertion on Bligon goat performance. Keywords: bioconversion- bligon goat- cocoa pod- king grass- Phanerochaete chrysosporium Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Engkus Ainul Yakin)

43	Feed Resources and Technology	ABS-37
Evaluation of Proximate and Flavonoid Tests of Shallot Peel (Allium ascalonicum L) Nanoparticles as Poultry Feed Additives Muhammad Iqbal Kurniawan, Osfar Sjofjan and Heli Tistiana Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, Indonesia Abstract Shallot peel are agricultural waste considered useless by society due to a lack of information about their benefits. The nutritional content and phytochemical compounds in shallot peel can be used as an additive in poultry feed. This research aims to evaluate the nutritional content and flavonoid phytochemical compounds. The method used is proximate analysis with chemical analysis techniques to identify the nutritional content of a feed material. Test the flavonoid content using UV-Vis spectrophotometry to determine the total quantitative flavonoid content in shallot peel. The results of the proximate analysis show that shallot peel nanoparticles contain nutrients that have the potential to be used as a feed supplement for poultry. Shallot peel have contains dry matter (94.44%), ash content (9.43%), crude protein (7.12%), crude fiber (30.98%), and crude fat (2.40%). The quantitative test results for total flavonoid content indicate that shallot peel nanoparticles contain flavonoids with a relatively high value of 14.01% b/b. The conclusion of this study is that shallot peel nanoparticles have the potential to be used as a feed additive that can enhance health and productivity, as well as serve as an antibiotic alternative in poultry. Keywords: poultry, feed additive, shallot peel, flavonoids Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Muhammad Iqbal Kurniawan)

44	Feed Resources and Technology	ABS-38
EVALUATION OF SEM TEST AND FLAVONOID NANOPARTICLES FROM HERBAL DREG AS AN ADDITIVE IN LAYER CHICKEN FEED Aqnes Suryani, Osfar Sjofjan and Eko Widodo Faculty of Animal Science, University of Brawijaya, Malang 65145, Indonesia Abstract Using natural growth promoters in probiotics as a substitute for antibiotic growth promoters is increasingly being implemented, utilizing the by products of herbal medicine from Indonesian medicinal plants to stimulate growth and enhance feed efficiency and productivity while reducing feed conversion. This research aims to evaluate the morphological characteristics and flavonoid content of herbal dreg nanoparticles that can potentially be used as feed additives for laying hens. The methods used in this research include Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) to analyze the morphology of herbal dreg nanoparticles and the total flavonoid content determined using UV-Vis spectrophotometry with aluminum chloride as a reagent. The results of the SEM analysis show that the herbal dreg nanoparticles have a suitable size and shape for application in feed, with a uniform size distribution due to their high fiber content. The measurement of total flavonoid content at 12.555 ppm with 2.39% b/b indicates that the herbal dreg contains flavonoids at a low concentration due to the high content of BK. This research concludes that herbal dreg nanoparticles have the potential to serve as a natural and effective feed additive, which can enhance the health and productivity of laying hens, as well as reduce dependence on antibiotics. Keywords: Herbal dreg, nanoparticles, SEM, flavonoids, laying hens Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Aqnes Suryani)

45	Feed Resources and Technology	ABS-47
Cloning and expression of Ruminococcus flavefaciens cellulase-encoding genes in Escherichia coli Khairil Anwar (a), Sukarne (a), Lalu Unsunnidhal (b), Muhammad Aidil Fitriyan Fadjar Suryadi (a), Zaid Al Gifari (c), Alimuddin (a,d), Muhamad Amin (e), Made Sriasih (a), Muhamad Ali (a)* a)Laboratory of Biotechnology and Animal Product Processing, Faculty of Animal Sciences, University of Mataram, Mataram, Indonesia, *m_ali[at]unram.ac.id b)Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Mataram, Mataram, Indonesia, c)Laboratory of Animal Production, Faculty of Animal Sciences, University of Mataram, Mataram, Indonesia, d)Faculty of NW Mataram, Mataram, Indonesia, e) Fish Nutrition Research Group, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia Abstract Carbohydrate-metabolizing enzymes are crucial in improving feed digestibility and efficiency in the poultry industry. Among these, cellulase, which breaks down cellulose, is particularly valued across various industries, especially in animal feed. However, producing cellulase in its native host, such as Ruminococcus flavefaciens, is often challenging due to complex cultivation requirements and limited yields. In this study, the cellulose-encoding gene from Ruminococcus flavefaciens was synthesized and expressed in Escherichia coli. The gene was optimized and cloned into pET15b vector suitable for the E. coli expression system. The results showed a protein band at approximately 38 kDa, matching the expected size of the cellulase enzyme produced in E. coli. The optimized codon usage for E. coli significantly enhanced the soluble fraction of cellulase, which is crucial for large-scale production. In summary, the recombinant Ruminococcus flavefaciens cellulose-encoding gene was successfully expressed in E. coli. Although the expression of cellulase in E. coli was successful, further optimization is needed to increase yields and assess enzymatic activity. Keywords: carbohydrate-metabolizing enzyme, poultry industry, Ruminococcus flavefaciens cellulase, recombinant protein, codon optimization, E. coli expression system Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Zaid Al Gifari)

46	Feed Resources and Technology	ABS-52
Comparison of Extracellulose-producing Bacillus Isolated from the Digestive Tract of Muscovy Ducks (Cairina Moschata) and Native Chicken (Gallus Gallus Domesticus) as Probiotic Candidates for Poultry Zaid AL Gifari (a), Khairunnisah (b), Fatimah Azh Zhahro Bagis (b), Fitri Andriani (b), Alimuddin (c,e), Muhamad Amin (d), Khairil Anwar (e), Muhammad Aidil Fitriyan Fadjar Suryadi (e),Anwar Rosyidi (e), I Wayan Wariata (e), Made Sriasih (e), Muhamad Ali (e)* (a) Laboratory of Animal Production, Faculty of Animal Sciences, University of Mataram, Mataram, Indonesia, (b) Graduate Program of Animal Resources, Faculty of Animal Sciences, University of Mataram, Mataram, Indonesia, (c) Faculty of NW Mataram, Mataram, Indonesia, (d) Fish Nutrition Research Group, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia, (e) Laboratory of Biotechnology and Animal Product Processing, Faculty of Animal Sciences, University of Mataram, Mataram, Indonesia. *m_ali[at]unram.ac.id Abstract Probiotics have widely been used as an alternative feed supplement in poultry, contributing to enhanced productivity and the maintenance of livestock health. This study aimed to compare several extracellular cellulase-producing Bacillus spp. isolated from the digestive tract of muscovy ducks (Cairina moschata) and native chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus). A total of seven isolates were selected based on extracellular cellulase activity detected on carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)-agar plates. Morphological, biochemical and molecular analyses were sequentially conducted to identify bacterial species. Three isolates exhibiting the best extracellular cellulase activity obtained from Muscovy Ducks (Cairina Moschata) and native chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) were selected and identified through 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The results showed that the A1 isolate was identified as Bacillus cereus strain SA275C, the A4 isolate as Bacillus cereus strain S8 and and the A6 isolate as Bacillus subtilis strain IAM 12118. Three selected isolates showed different characteristics as probiotics for poultry, including the viability to gastrointestinal tract pH and antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. In conclusion, three selected isolates with the highest extracellular cellulase activity have potential as probiotic candidates for poultry. Keywords: poultry, probiotics, Extracellular cellulase, Bacillus sp., 16S rRNA gene sequencing Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Zaid Al Gifari)

47	Feed Resources and Technology	ABS-64
Analysis of Apis mellifera Bee Forage Vegetation and its Implications for Colony Productivity Sri Minarti, Poppy Satya Puspita, and Eka Nurwahyuni Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, Indonesia Abstract Abstract. Forage vegetation is an important factor in supporting the success of honey bee (Apis mellifera) farming. This study aimed to analyze the types of forage vegetation used by Apis mellifera bees and analyze the relationship between forage vegetation availability and colony productivity. The research was conducted in several areas with different flowering plant diversity. Data were collected through direct observation and botanical analysis of vegetation around beehives. The results showed that colonies placed in areas with high flowering plant diversity had higher productivity compared to colonies in locations with limited vegetation. This article underscores the importance of forage vegetation diversity in supporting bee colony health and productivity. Keywords: Apis mellifera, vegetation, productivity, flowering plants Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Sri Minarti)

48	Feed Resources and Technology	ABS-69
PRODUCTION PATTERN OF REDBEAD TREE (Adenanthera pavonina) FORAGE AS RUMINANT FEED Siti Nurul Kamaliyah(a*), Ifar Subagiyo(a), Rini Dwi Wahyuni(a), Hanief Eko Sulistyo(a) a) Lecturer of Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya. Jalan Veteran, Malang, Indonesia Abstract A research to determine the production pattern of several nutrient such as dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), digestable dry matter (DDM), Digestible Organic Matter (DOM) and Total Digestible Nutrient (TDN) was carried out in Bluto sub-district, Sumenep district, East Java province, Indonesia with coordinates 7 degrees 06 minutes 18 seconds South 113 degrees 48 minutes 41 seconds East. Twenty plants aged 2 to 17 years were cut 4 times a year with an average production of DM 23.33-117.15, OM 21.35-107.32, CP 3.73-20.30, DDM 16.56-79.77, DOM 15.12-74.61, TDN 17.35-85.53 kg/tree/year. The production of nutrients followed a quadratic pattern, with the maximum average production of DM, OM, CP, DDM, DOM, and TDN was produced by plants in the 12-13 year age, respectively, at 117.01, 105.31, 20.09, 80.83, 73.77 and 86.25 kg/tree/year. Keywords: Adenanthera pavonina- forage- nutrient- production pattern Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Siti Nurul Kamaliyah)

49	Feed Resources and Technology	ABS-75
Feeding value of local feed in Bangkalan regency for Madura cows Mashudi, Poespitasari Hazanah Ndaru, Wike Andre Septian, Aprilia Dwi Kartika, and Kusmartono1 Animal Science Departement, Faculty of Animal Science, Brawijaya University Abstract An on farm investigation has been done from March to September 2023 to investigate local feeds commonly offered for Madura cattle in Bangkalan regency, as well as their feeding value. Socah village was purposively selected in which a total of 30 cattle farmers were designated as location of this study. The observations being made were type of feeds offered, their nutrient content and feeding value as measured for late pregnant cows. Local feeds identified were used to formulate a ration Madura cows in the stage of 7-8 months pregnancy (30 cows) and a comparation was made between those fed on field grass plus rice bran as control group (10 cows), and the other two treatments (B and C) in which 1,0 kg and 2,5 kg of concentrates were used accordingly. The results showed that local feeds commonly used by farmers were as follow: agricultural byproducts (rice straw, maize stover, groundnut peel, mungbean straw, and sweet potatoe leaves, cassava leaves), fresh forages (elephant grass, Indigofera, Sesbania, and Leucaena leaves), concentrates (rice bran, maize bran, tofu waste and soybean hulls). Cows that were given field grass supplemented with concentrate consisted of rice bran (40%), tofu waste (19%), maize bran (31%) and soybean hulls (10%) 45 days before and after calving produced heavier calves than control (21.4, 24.3, 19.4 kg repectively). Cows that were given concentrate supplementation showed shorter open days (81.6 and 71.6 days for treatment b and C) than treatment A (107.3 days). It can be concluded that under better feeding management system through concentrate supplementation resulted in heavier calves at birth and the cows showed oestrus earlier than control group. Keywords: Madura cows, feeding regines, calf^s birth weight, days open Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Poespitasari Hazanah Ndaru)

50	Feed Resources and Technology	ABS-76
ffect of Myristic Acid and Calliandra Leaf Meal in Concentrate on Average Daily Gain and Feed Conversion in Sheep Siti Chuzaemi1, Poespitasari Hazanah Ndaru, Mashudi, Muhimmatu Mufidah Faculty of Animal Science, University of Brawijaya Abstract This research aimed to determine and evaluate the effect of myristic acid and different levels of calliandra leaf meal in concentrate on sheep production. The diet ingredients used in this study included coffee husk, rice bran, cassava waste, soybean meal, palm kernel meal, copra meal, urea, molasses, maize stover, and calliandra leaf meal. The experimental animals used were 15 male thin-tailed sheep (TTS). The research method was a randomized block design (RBD) with 3 treatments and 5 replications. The treatments consisted of P0 (40% maize stover + 60% concentrate), P1 (40% maize stover + 50% concentrate + 10% calliandra leaf meal + 30 g/kg DM myristic acid), and P2 (40% maize stover + 45% concentrate + 15% calliandra leaf meal + 30 g/kg DM myristic acid). The variables analyzed included nutrient content, average daily gain (ADG), and feed conversion. The results showed that adding myristic acid and different levels of calliandra leaf meal in the concentrate had no significant effect on average daily gain (ADG). In this study, supplementation with calliandra leaf meal at a level of 15% tended to show the best results compared to the other treatments. Keywords: myristic acid, calliandra leaf, ADG, feed conversion Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Poespitasari Hazanah Ndaru)

51	Feed Resources and Technology	ABS-77
Evaluation Of Feed Additive Liquid Nano Herbal Extract In Mash Form and Protected As a Feed Supplement To The Appearance Of Laying Hen Production Lukman Hakim Ahmad Suwito1), Osfar Sjofjan2), Yuli Frita Nuningtyas2), Feri Eko Hermanto2), Filoza Marwi2), Muhammad Halim Natsir2)* 1). Student of Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, Indonesia 2). Lecturer of Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, Indonesia Email: *emhanatsir[at]ub.ac.id Abstract This study aims to determine the evaluation of the addition of feed additives of liquid nano extracts (ginger, turmeric and teak leaves) in mash and protected form as well as probiotics on the appearance of laying hen production. This study used as many as 400 laying hens of the Isa Brown strain which were raised for 21 days, with a chicken age of 52 - 54 weeks. The feed given is in the form of mash in a restricted manner.The method used in this study is an in vivo study with a nested Complete Random Design (RAL) consisting of two factors, namely mash liquid nano extract (B1) and protected liquid nano extract (B2), each factor has 5 levels of addition, namely L0 :p basalt without the addition of feed additives, L1: basalt feed + 0.2% feed additives, L2: basal feed + 0.4% feed additive, L3: basal feed + 0.6% feed additive, L4: basal feed + 0.8% feed additive, each level of addition consists of 4 replicates. The data was analyzed by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and if there was a significant influence, it would be followed by a DMRT test. The variables measured were Feed Conversion Ratio, Hen Day Production, Hen housed Production, Egg Weight and Egg Mass. The results of this study showed that the effect of adding feed additives had no significant effect (P>0.05) on Feed Conversion Ratio, Hen Day Production, Hen Cage Production, egg mass and egg weight. The results of this study show that the effect of adding feed additives has a very significant influence (P<0.01) on feed conversion, HDP, HHP and egg mass. The addition of liquid nano extract in protected form at the level of 0.8% is the best alternative in increasing the productivity of laying hens compared to liquid nano extract in the form of mash. Keywords: Laying Hens, Production Appearance, Probiotics. Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Lukman Hakim Ahmad Suwito)

52	Feed Resources and Technology	ABS-82
EFFECT OF DIFFERENT SHAPE OF FEED ADDITIVE PARTICLES AS A NATURAL GROWTH PROMOTER FROM THE COMBINATION OF SAMBILOTO AND MORINGA LEAVES ON THE PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSE OF BROILERS Silvia Dwi Lestari, Adelina Ari Hamiyati, Yuli Frita Nuningtyas, Feri Eko Hermanto, Filoza Marwi, Muhammad Halim Natsir* Universitas Brawijaya Abstract The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of adding a feed additive, a mixture of sambiloto leaf and moringa extract, on the physiological responses of starter phase broilers. As the subject of the research, a total of 300 broilers were used, with a coefficient of variation of 9.38%. This study employed an experiment with a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) that included six treatments and five replications. There are ten broilers in each repetition. T0: Without any additional treatment, the treatment used (negative control). T1: addition of 0.80% sulfamix (positive control). T2: 0.80% mixture of sambiloto and moringa extracts in liquid form, T3: 0.80% mixture of sambiloto and moringa extracts in nano liquid form, T4: 0.80% mixture of sambiloto and moringa extracts in mash form, and T5: mixture of sambiloto and moringa extracts in encapsulated form. The treatment is given from the first day to the fourteenth day. The observed physiological response variables are shank temperature, comb temperature, rectal temperature, heart rate, and respiratory frequency. Analysis of variance is used to examine data, and effects are considered significant if P < 0.05. The addition of a feed additive consisting of a mixture of bitter leaf and moringa was found to have no significant effect (P > 0.05) on heart rate, comb temperature, rectal temperature, shank temperature, and respiratory rate. In this study, the respiratory rate of broilers ranged from 205 to 307 times per minute. The rectal temperature of broilers ranges from 38.40 C to 39.80 C. The comb temperature is between 36.20 C and 38.10 C. The shank temperature ranges from 36.84 C to 38.00 C. The respiratory rate ranges from 60 to 100 breaths per minute. The conclusion of this study is that the addition of feed additives in the feed has an effect on stabilizing heart rate, respiratory frequency, shank temperature, rectal temperature, and comb temperature in broilers. Keywords: broilers, mixture of sambiloto and moringa extracts in nano liquid, mash, and encapsulated. physiological responses Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Silvia Dwi Lestari)

53	Feed Resources and Technology	ABS-84
Effect of Tributyrin and Prebiotic on Cecum Microflora, Faecal Protozoa, and Mortality of Weaning Rabbits Heli Tistiana1)*, Osfar Sjofjan1), Veronica Margareta Ani Nurgiartiningsih1), and Eko Widodo1) 1)Faculty of Animal Science, University of Brawijaya, Malang Indonesia 65151 *) tistiana_heli[at]ub.ac.id Abstract This research aimed to determine the effect of tributyrin and prebiotics in feed on the mortality rate of weaned rabbits and its relationship with the number of Escherichia coli, Salmonella sp., and Lactic Acid Bacteria in the cecum, as well as the number of protozoa in feces. The research used was 40 male weaning rabbits. The levels of tributyrin and prebiotic in the treatment groups were as follows: Control T0 (without tributyrin and prebiotics), T1 (0.4% tributyrin + 0.05% prebiotic), T2 (0.4% tributyrin + 0.10% prebiotic), T3: (0.6% tributyrin + 0.05% prebiotic), and T4 (0.6% tributyrin + 0.10% prebiotic). The parameters measured included the populations of Escherichia coli, Salmonella sp., and Lactic Acid Bacteria (BAL) in the cecum, the number of protozoa in feces, and the mortality of weaning rabbits. The results showed that the treatment had a different effect (P<0.05) on the number of Escherichia coli bacteria and protozoa in the feces, but no different effect (P>0.05) on the number of Salmonella sp. and Lactic Acid Bacteria. The treatment also reduces mortality in rabbits (P<0.01). The conclution that the addition of tributyrin and prebiotics is able to improve the balance of microflora in the cacum and reduce cases of diarrhea and death in weaning rabbits. Keywords: Tributyrin, prebiotic, microflora, protozoa, weaning rabbits Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Heli Tistiana)

54	Feed Resources and Technology	ABS-85
Effects of Suppelementing Concentrates Varying in Ingredients on Blood Urea and Glucose Concentrations in Limousin Crossbred fed cassava leaf and tuber silage as Basal Diet Poespitasari Hazanah Ndaru, Ifar Subagiyo, Mashudi, and Kusmartono Animal Science Departement, Faculty of Animal Science, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia 51611 Abstract The cassava plant is considered a high-potential feed source for beef cattle due to its nutritional profile. Cassava leaves are characterized by high crude protein (CP) content, whereas cassava tubers serve as a valuable energy source. Using cassava leaf and tuber silage has been demonstrated to be an effective dietary strategy for beef cattle. This study aims to evaluate the effects of cassava leaf and tuber silage supplementation on blood urea concentration and blood glucose levels in Limousin crossbred. The in vivo experiment was conducted at the Sumber Sekar Field Laboratory using 20 Limousin crossbred cattle. The treatments consisted of varying inclusion levels of cassava leaf and tuber silage: 10% (P1), 15% (P2), 20% (P3), 25% (P4), and 30% (P5). Blood urea concentration and blood glucose levels were measured as response variables. The results showed that cassava leaf and tuber silage supplementation had a highly significant effect (P<0.01) on blood urea concentration but did not significantly affect blood glucose levels (P>0.05). It can be concluded that blood urea concentration and blood glucose levels in Limousin crossbred were within the upper threshold of normal ranges for ruminant livestock. Thus, blood glucose levels in this study can serve as a reliable indicator of the metabolic status and health of Limousin crossbred cattle supplemented with cassava leaf and tuber silage. Keywords: cassava silage, Limousin crossbred, blood urea concentration, blood glucose levels Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Poespitasari Hazanah Ndaru)

55	Feed Resources and Technology	ABS-88
Effect of Tributyrin and Prebiotic on Cecum Microflora, Faecal Protozoa, and Mortality of Weaning Rabbits Heli Tistiana1)*, Osfar Sjofjan1), Veronica Margareta Ani Nurgiartiningsih1), and Eko Widodo1) 1)Faculty of Animal Science, University of Brawijaya, Malang Indonesia 65151 *) tistiana_heli[at]ub.ac.id Abstract This research aimed to determine the effect of tributyrin and prebiotics in feed on the mortality rate of weaned rabbits and its relationship with the number of Escherichia coli, Salmonella sp., and Lactic Acid Bacteria in the cecum, as well as the number of protozoa in feces. The research used was 40 male weaning rabbits. The levels of tributyrin and prebiotic in the treatment groups were as follows: Control T0 (without tributyrin and prebiotics), T1 (0.4% tributyrin + 0.05% prebiotic), T2 (0.4% tributyrin + 0.10% prebiotic), T3: (0.6% tributyrin + 0.05% prebiotic), and T4 (0.6% tributyrin + 0.10% prebiotic). The parameters measured included the populations of Escherichia coli, Salmonella sp., and Lactic Acid Bacteria (BAL) in the cecum, the number of protozoa in feces, and the mortality of weaning rabbits. The results showed that the treatment had a different effect (P<0.05) on the number of Escherichia coli bacteria and protozoa in the feces, but no different effect (P>0.05) on the number of Salmonella sp. and Lactic Acid Bacteria. The treatment also reduces mortality in rabbits (P<0.01). The conclution that the addition of tributyrin and prebiotics is able to improve the balance of microflora in the cacum and reduce cases of diarrhea and death in weaning rabbits. Keywords: Tributyrin, prebiotic, microflora, protozoa, weaning rabbits Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Heli Tistiana)

56	Local Animal Resources	ABS-31
Survival ability and mortality profile of Indonesian local chicken embryos subjected to the short period of incubation during egg storage Muhammad Rachman Hakim (a,b*), Wihandoyo (c), Diah Tri Widayati (d), Heru Sasongko (c), and Hasbi (b) a) Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar, 90245 b) Graduate Study of Animal Science, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta 55281 *muhammad.rachman0781[at]mail.ugm.ac.id c) Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, 55281 d) Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, 55281 Abstract The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of egg storage duration and short incubation treatment during storage on the survival ability and mortality profile of the local chicken embryo. A total of 500 freshly laid eggs collected from a local breeder chicken flock were selected, and stored according to the storage groups as 0, 7, and 14 days, respectively, at 18C and 50 percent relative humidity before setting for incubation. An additional group of eggs was stored for 14 days and subjected to the four-hour incubation condition (37.8C) on the day seventh of the storage period. Therefore, there were four storage groups as treatments and four independent incubation periods as replication with uneven egg numbers based on the selection result during collection. Breakout analysis was conducted to evaluate the mortality profile of the clear eggs from candling activity on the 18th day of incubation and from unhatched eggs at the end of the incubation period. The study revealed that the true fertility from all groups was quite similar- however, prolonged stored of the eggs up to 14 days decreased the survival ability of the chicken embryos. The mortality rate in the first week of incubation was significantly higher for the longer storage period. On the other hand, the embryos from the group of eggs subjected to the short incubation period during storage were observed to have a number of embryos that survived until the hatching process as high as the embryos from the 0-day stored group. The study also showed that the effect of the prolonged storage period was characterized by the high number of embryos that died during the first 48 hours of incubation. It could be concluded that prolonged stored egg impaired the survival ability of the chicken embryos- however, this effect could be minimized by placed the egg for short period of incubation during storage. Keywords: local chicken- egg storage- survival ability- mortality profile Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (M. Rachman Hakim)

57	Local Animal Resources	ABS-42
EGG CHARACTERISTICS CHANGE DURING STORAGE AND ITS EFFECT ON THE HATCHABILITY AND HATCHLING WEIGHT OF INDONESIAN LOCAL CHICKEN Hasan Basrul (a*), W. Pakiding (b), H. Hasbi(b), N. Nahariah(b) and M. R. Hakim (b) a) Undergraduate Program, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar, 90245 * hasanbasrul77[at]gmail.com b) Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar, 90245 Abstract The objective of the research was to determine the changes in some egg characteristics during storage and their effects on the hatchability and hatchling weight of Indonesian local chicken. The study was conducted according to a completely randomized design of three storage durations (0, 7, 14 days, respectively) and four replications. A total 300 fertile eggs were collected from local chicken breeder parents 55 weeks that were raised in 20 wired pens with a sex ratio of 1 of 5. Eggs for the 14-day storage group were collected 7 days before the eggs were collected for the 7-day storage group, and the 0-day group was collected on the setting day so that all eggs from all groups could be set in the incubator at the same time. Six eggs from all groups were selected from the same parent clock for measurement of egg characteristics at the end of each storage period. During storage, egg weight was decreased significantly by 1.48% for the 7-day storage group and by 2.04% for the 14-day storage group. External egg characteristics (eggshell weight and thick) were not significantly affected by storage- however, the internal egg characteristics, such as albumen (height, weight, pH) and yolk (diameter, height, pH) were significantly altered after prolonged storage duration. The changes in these traits were followed by similar trend of decreasing the hatchability and hatchling weight of the egg from the 14-day storage group. It concluded that the optimum result in hatching performance could be maintained if the storage period was limited to only less than 7 days. Keywords: egg characteristics, storage duration, hatchability, hatchling weight, local chicken Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Hasan Basrul)

58	Socio-Economic Studies and Community Development	ABS-5
INCOME ANALYSIS OF THE KAMPUNG SUSU LAWU^S DAIRY CATTLE BUSINESS IN PLAOSAN DISTRICT, MAGETAN DISTRICT, EAST JAVA Sutrisno Hadi Purnomo1*, Ratih Dewanti2, Ayu Intan Sari3, Endang Tri Rahayu4 and Shanti Emawati5 12345 Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal Science, Sebelas Maret University, Jl Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta, Indonesia. 57162 *Corresponding authors: sutrisnohadi[at]staff.uns.ac.id Abstract This research aims to analyze the income of the dairy cattle business and to analyze the factors that influence the income of the dairy cattle business in Kampung Susu Lawu. The research was conducted in Kampung Susu Lawu, Plaosan District, Magetan Regency, East Java. This research used a survey method with a sample of 60 respondents using purposive sampling. The data was analyzed descriptively quantitatively, namely income analysis and multiple linear regression analysis. The results of the research show that the income of the dairy cattle business in Kampung Susu Lawu is an average of IDR. 45,163,538/farmer/year. The research results show the regression model Y= 0.075 + 0.069X1 - 0.121X2 + 1.252X3 - 0.143X4 - 0.147X5 - 0.064X6 + 0.198X7. The results of the regression analysis show that the R2 coefficient value is 0.699, meaning that the variables age, education, milk production, farming experience, number of lactating cows, land area, and number of family members influence the income of dairy farmers in Kampung Susu Lawu by 69.9%, while for the remaining 30.1% is influenced by other variables outside the research. The t test (partial) variable milk production influences the income of dairy farmers with a calculated t value of 3.804 > t table 2.069. The conclusion from this research that the factors influence income is milk production, while the factors age, education, farming experience, number of lactating cows, land area and number of family members have no influence. Keywords: Multiple regression analysis, income, dairy business Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Sutrisno Hadi Purnomo)

59	Socio-Economic Studies and Community Development	ABS-6
Analysis of the Profitability of Dairy Cattle Farming After the FMD Outbreak in Susu Lawu Village, Plaosan District, Magetan Regency E.T.Rahayu, Sutrisno Hadi P, Ayu Intan S, Shanti Emawati, Ratih Dewanti Universitas Sebelas Maret Abstract This research aims to determine the profitability of the dairy business and to analyze the factors that influence the profitability of the Kampung Susu Lawu dairy business. The research was carried out from January to March 2024, in Susu Lawu Village, Plaosan District, Magetan Regency, East Java. The method used in this research is a survey method with a sample of 31 respondents using purposive sampling. The data collected was analyzed descriptively, income, profitability and multiple linear regression analysis. The results of the research show that the profitability of the dairy business in Lawu Milk Village is 84%. A regression model Y= 0.075 + 0.069X1 - 0.121X2 + 1.252X3 - 0.143X4 - 0.147X5 - 0.064X6 + 0.198X7. The result of R2 is 0.699, meaning that the variables age, education, milk production, farming experience, number of lactating cows, land area, and number of family members influence the level of profitability of the dairy farming business in Lawu Milk Village by 69.9%. Individually, milk production variables influence the level of profitability of dairy cows. The conclusion of the research is that the level of profitability or profit level is high and the factor that influences the level of profitability is milk production. Keywords: profitability, income, dairy business, milk production Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Endang Tri Rahayu)

60	Socio-Economic Studies and Community Development	ABS-19
Carrying Capacity of Human Resources in Increasing Livestock Productivity in Wagir District, Malang Regency, East Java in the Development of Sheep and Goat Centers Enike Dwi Kusumawati (a*), Akhmad Zaini (b), Endi Sarwoko (c), Ali Mahmud (d), Kinta Ramayanti (e), Estri Pamungkasih (e), Rahmadina Fitria Ristanti (e), Iftita Yustitia Arini (e), Dimas Pratidina Puriastuti Hadiani (a), Diva Cahyo Pradana (a), Muchammad Fachthurrohman (a), Haydar Wafiq Nugke (f) a) Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Universitas PGRI Kanjuruhan Malang, Indonesia *enike[at]unikama.ac.id b) Informatics Study Program, Universitas PGRI Kanjuruhan Malang, Indonesia c) School of Business and Management, Universitas Ciputra Surabaya, Indonesia d) Faculty of Agriculture and Animal Science, University of Muhammadiyah Malang, Indonesia e) Regional Research and Innovation Agency of Malang Regency, Indonesia f) Laboratory High School, Universitas Negeri Malang, Indonesia Abstract Sheep and goat farming is one of the leading livestock products in Malang Regency. This goat and sheep farming business is a livestock business carried out by breeders in 12 villages in Wagir District, Malang Regency as the main supporter of starting a goat and sheep center. The development of sheep and goat centers is one of the activities in the Regional Featured Product Partner Empowerment Program. Human resources, namely farmers, are one of the determinants of the success of a farm. Therefore, it is necessary to know the carrying capacity of human resources, especially livestock breeders in Wagir District, in order to support the realization of a goat and sheep center. The purpose of this article is to discuss the potential and constraints of human resources (HR) in Wagir District, Malang Regency in developing a sheep and goat center. A participatory approach with the concept of learning in the community was applied in exploring potential, problems and solutions in developing a sheep and goat center by involving key figures from Wagir District. Meanwhile, the method applied in this program is a participatory community empowerment method by adopting Dharmotharan^s 7D model. Wagir District is worthy of being developed into a center for goats and sheep in Malang with the potential of its human resources. One of the strategies for developing the Malang goat and sheep center in Wagir District is through optimizing human resources. Keywords: Livestock- Human resources- Sheep and goat farming- breeders- Carrying capacity of human resources Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Enike Dwi Kusumawati)

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