Pectin based Biopolymer From Combination of Coffee and Cocoa Peel as Agroindustrial Waste Utilization Putra Alfiansyah, Guntara Very Pradika, Ridwansyah Micko Perdhana, Mumtaz Hatta Nihai Sipayung, Wahyu Duwi Santoso, Prieskarinda Lestari*
Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia
Email of the Corresponding Author: prieskarindalestari[at]ugm.ac.id
Abstract
Coffee and cocoa are among the largest and most popular commodities in Indonesia. About 786,19 tons of coffee and 688,210 tons of cocoa were produced in 2021. During the processing, high amounts of coffee and cocoa peel are generated as agricultural waste that contains pectin, one of the promising materials. Pectin is also applicable to be used for biopolymers. Thus, this research aimed to 1) extract pectin from coffee and cocoa peel waste and 2) synthesize and characterize pectin-based biopolymers from a combination of coffee and cocoa peel waste. Pectin extraction was done based on alcoholic precipitation methods. About 6.82 (6.82%) and 4.91 (4.91%) of pectin were extracted per 100 g of dried coffee and cocoa powder, respectively. This study used two variations of pectin coffee biopolymer (CB) at 100% and combined coffee and cocoa biopolymer (CCB) at 50:50%. Thickness, lightness, and modulus young of biopolymer variation CB were obtained at 0.16 mm, 28.76 mm, and 0.32 MPa. Meanwhile, the thickness, lightness, and modulus young of the biopolymer variation CCB were obtained at 0.24 mm, 37.41 mm, and 0.21 MPa. Based on soil burial degradation tests, both variations of pectin-based biopolymers showed degradability potentials of up to 33.19% (CB) and 33.21% (CCB) per day. These findings showed potential for utilizing pectin from coffee and cocoa peel waste and developing it into biopolymers as value-added products.
