Regional-scale of Climate Change over Borneo Based on Conformal Cubic Atmospheric Model Fattah Ghiffari (a*), Erma Yulihastin (b), Haries Satyawardhana (b), Lely Qodrita Avia (b) , Risyanto (b), Parwati Sofan (c), Robi Muharsyah (d), Ahmad Yani (e), Edi Riawan (f)
(a) Groundwater Engineering Department, Faculty of Earth Science and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
(b) Research Center for Climate and Atmosphere, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bandung, 40135, Indonesia
(c) Research Center for Oceanography, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bogor, 16911, Indonesia
(d) Indonesian Agency for Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysics, Jakarta, 10720, Indonesia
(e) Tanjungpura University, Pontianak, West Kalimantan, 78124, Indonesia
(f) Atmospheric Science Research Group, Faculty of Earth Sciences and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
Abstract
The model simulations for Borneo suggest potential difficulties in capturing the variability of rainfall on regional scales due to complex topography and climate interactions. This study utilizes a high-resolution Conformal Cubic Atmospheric Model (CCAM) to address the impacts of climate change on a regional scale over Borneo by analyzing key parameters such as precipitation, surface temperature, mean sea level pressure, and relative humidity over Borneo for the near future (2023 - 2033). The study employs dynamical downscaling using the Conformal Cubic Atmospheric Model (CCAM) to refine the spatial resolution of Global Climate Model (GCM) data from 60 km to 14 km, allowing more detailed regional climate analysis over Borneo. An anomaly method was also applied to quantify the deviations in precipitation, surface temperature, mean sea level pressure (MSLP), and relative humidity from baseline climatological values during the projection period. We also found that the MAM (March-April-May) and SON (September-October-November) seasons show higher rainfall than the DJF (December-January-February) seasons. Meanwhile, relative humidity tends to decrease in the future compared to previous years. Mean sea level pressure (MSLP) tends to increase over the border of Indonesia and Malaysia in the JJA (June-July-August) season but decreases over southern Borneo in the MAM (March-April-May) and SON (September-October-November) seasons. There is a noticeable increase in temperature from the MAM (March-April-May) to SON (September-October-November) season in the east south region. However, further research is required to validate these projections.
Keywords: Climate Change, Regional Scale, Conformal Cubic Atmospheric Model (CCAM)
