Development of wind hazard map in Indonesia
Muhammad Rais Abdillah, Hartono Wijaya, Prasanti Widyasih Sarli

Institut Teknologi Bandung

Abstract

One of the most recurring disasters in Indonesia is wind-related disaster. However, information about extreme wind is quite sparse and rarely available from conventional weather stations. In the recent decade, the growing number of automatic weather stations (AWS) has provided opportunities to investigate more extreme wind events. By combining a total of 201 AWS data and a long-term simulated extreme wind speed from ERA5 global atmospheric reanalysis, this study develops a wind hazard map for Indonesia. A quantile mapping method is used to calibrate the wind distributions from reanalysis to AWS. The wind speed maps at return periods of 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 500, and 1000 years are calculated from fitting the calibrated ERA5 annual maxima of wind into the Gumbel distribution. The resulting wind map shows extreme wind spatial characteristics where the wind is stronger over southern and southeastern Indonesia, and over mountainous regions of Sumatra and Celebes. The wind speed ranges from between less than 10 to 25 m/s at 2-year return period, to between 15 to greater than 40 m/s at 1000-year return period. The production of these wind maps hopefully can help in studies about wind-disaster risks and in structural planning for building construction.

Keywords: disaster, extreme wind, hazard analysis

Topic: Atmospheric Sciences