Optimal Control of a Mathematical Model for the Spread of Mpox Disease with Habitual Factors and Antiviral Treatment Tarmizi Usman (a), Muhammad Ikhwan (a), Putri Nabila Ikhsani (a), Said Munzir (a), Basri A Gani (b)
(a) Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Syiah Kuala
(b) Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Syiah Kuala
Abstract
The increase in the number of mpox infection cases in non-endemic regions in 2022 made this disease a global emergency. The United States became one of the non-endemic regions affected by mpox virus exposure. This paper aims to analyze the dynamic of mpox spread before and after control. The dynamics of mpox transmission can be represented in a mathematical model. The mathematical model consists of two populations, namely the animal population and the human population. Additionally, the model divides the human population into high risk and low risk groups, based on the level of risk for complications and mortality post-infection. The model will be controlled with habitual factors (\(u_1\)) and the administration of antivirals (\(u_2\)). Numerical simulations were conducted on three different cases to obtain optimal results. The main focus of the simulation is to observe the behavior of transmission before and after control measures are applied. The results of simulations in all cases indicate that habitual factors and antiviral treatment can minimize the spread of mpox disease.
