Simple Evaluation Model of GeneXpert Utilization in Detecting Tuberculosis in West Java Annisa Aditsania, Fanny Kartika Sari, Arrofiatuz Zahra, Melly, Iko Sutrisko Prakasa Lay, Shionita Dwilani Nainggolan, Nuning Nuraini
Institut Teknologi Bandung
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is a preventable and generally curable disease. However, according to the WHO 2023 report, TB is the second deadliest disease after COVID-19 and has a mortality rate twice that of HIV/AIDS. Indonesia is the second highest contributor to TB cases after India in that year. Based on data from the West Java Provincial Health Office (2023 data plus February 1, 2024), West Java has the highest number of TB cases in Indonesia. To address this, West Java has 247 healthcare facilities providing 290 GeneXpert machines spread across 27 districts and cities in West Java. Using TB data from 2023 in cities/districts of West Java, this study built a model to estimate TB cases based on population density, testing rate, positivity rate, number of GeneXpert machines, and number of individuals tested using GeneXpert. Additionally, this study conducted clustering of cities/districts in West Java using K-Means based on the percentage of GeneXpert utilization. From the evaluation conducted, it was concluded that (1) positivity rates among regions in West Java are relatively similar, (2) reported TB cases result from varying levels of testing, (3) in 2023, there were 9 districts/cities with GeneXpert utilization over 1, averaging 1.243, and (4) the overutilization of GeneXpert in West Java in 2023 can be reduced by optimizing existing GeneXpert modules without acquiring new equipment.
