Preparation and Extraction of Pectin from Robusta Coffee (Coffea canephora) Peel Waste as a Prospective and Sustainable Agriculture Biomass
Rana Labiba Azzahra, Prieskarinda Lestari*, Devi Yuni Susanti

Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Email of the Corresponding Author: prieskarindalestari[at]ugm.ac.id

Abstract

Coffee is one of the most promising agricultural commodities from tropical countries, including Indonesia. The productivity of coffee reached 760.2 thousand tons in 2023, primarily dominated by robusta coffee (Coffea canephora). However, the high productivity of coffee may lead to high amount of coffee husk waste generated. About 20 - 30 kg of coffee peel waste is estimated to be generated per 1 ton of processed coffee beans. Coffee peel husk can be a potential biomass as it contains pectin. This highlighted the need to properly manage and utilize coffee peel waste to protect the environment and support sustainable agriculture. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the composition and characteristics of pectin extract from coffee peel waste as potential biomass resources. The coffee peel sample was collected from Sambak Village, Magelang Regency, Central Java, which is a popular coffee producer. The pectin was extracted using an acid extraction method with a solvent of HCl 1 M and alcoholic precipitation methods with 96% ethanol. About 6.23% of pectin yield on average was extracted per 100 g of dried coffee husk waste. The results of the FTIR spectroscopy test showed the presence of a functional group of pectin characteristics at the peak point of 3320.46 cm-1. This study showed that extracted pectin from coffee peel waste is one of the promising and sustainable ways to utilize prospective agricultural biomass. The extracted pectin can be used for many valuable applications, which can be an added value to agricultural waste and support environmental sustainability.

Keywords: Coffee Peel Waste- Pectin- Extraction- Sustainable Agriculture

Topic: Waste and environmental management