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Anaerobic Mono- and Co-digestion of Fish Innards and Food Waste: Effect of Ratio, Temperature, and Their Kinetics Studies 1Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Brawijaya, Jl. Veteran, Malang, East Java-Indonesia Abstract Indonesia generates approximately 115-184 kg/capita/year of food waste. Meanwhile, fishery industries contribute to 30-40% of fish innards from their fish production activities, where about 23% of these wastes are still underutilization and dispose directly to surrounding environment. Such practices could cause detrimental impacts to the environment and human health. Further valorization of food waste (FW) and fish innards (FI) is critical. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of anaerobic mono- and co-digestion of fish innards and food waste under mesophilic and thermophilic condition, as well as their kinetic studies. Biochemical methane potential (BMP) test was employed in this study and operated for 28 days. Different ratios of waste mixture samples were used including FI:FW (100:0 and 100:0) for mono-digestion and FI:FW (80:20- 60:40- 40:60- and 20:80) for co-digestion). The kinetic study was carried out using Modified Gompertz, Logistic, Monod, First Order, and Transference modelling formulas. The results showed that all feedstock mixtures have high organic contents, hence potential to be used as feedstock in anaerobic digestion system. The highest specific methane potential (SMP) for anaerobic mono- and co-digestion were lower than that of anaerobic co-digestion, both under mesophilic and thermophilic condition. In anaerobic co-digestion system, the highest SMP was produced from feedstock mixture with ratio of FI:FW (80:20) at value of 0.303 m3CH4/kgVS for mesophilic condition. While under thermophilic condition, the highest SMP was 0.738 m3CH4/kgVS from feedstock with FI:FW ratio of 60:40. The digestate characteristics of all samples were within normal limits for pH and electrical conductivity (EC) values. The kinetic studies confirmed that the Logistic and Modified Gompertz model were better fitted and accurate to describe the experimental data. This was indicated by its lowest RMSE values compared to other kinetics models. Further studies is suggested to optimize the process and to continue trials under semi-continuous systems. Keywords: anaerobic digestion, feedstock mixture, kinetic modelling, methane production Topic: Renewable energy and biorefinery |
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