ELECTRIC VEHICLE BATTERY CHARGING STATION WITHIN GRID-CONNECTED PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEM- DESIGN AND SIMULATION NELLY SAFITRI1*, SUPRIHARDI1, RUDI SYAHPUTRA1, DHARMA ARYANI2, AHMAD RIZAL SULTAN2, AJENG BENING KUSUMANINGTYAS3, NUHA NADHIROH3
1ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT, POLITEKNIK NEGERI LHOKSEUMAWE, ACEH, INDONESIA
2ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT, POLITEKNIK NEGERI UJUNG PANDANG, SOUTH SULAWESI, INDONESIA
3ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT, POLITEKNIK NEGERI JAKARTA, JAKARTA, INDONESIA
Abstract
This paper aims to investigate the synergy between electric vehicle (EV) charging and photovoltaic (PV) power generation with the application of EV smart charging scenario and voltage-to-grid (V2G) scheme. The investigation was carried out through a proposed electric vehicle charging station (EVCS) model to see its performance, optimization, and efficiency which leads to reduced power losses, improved PV self-consumption, and lowered customer costs by its integration into the PV system. The proposed EVCS model is configured as a centralized charging station, which includes two types of battery charging: slow and fast, and has two levels of charging voltage options, 48V and 60V within the 2.5kW-capacity PV system. The simulation of the model runs on the Simulink MATLAB platform. As the battery charging and discharging process runs, the constant current-constant voltage (CC-CV) method using two fuzzy logics to mitigate the voltage, current, and state of charge (SoC) of the EVs^ battery is implemented. This method also maximizes the charging power in a short period and prevents overcharging the battery. The first and second fuzzy logic controls are used to adjust the duty cycle so that both the current and voltage can be constant. In the V2G scheme, EVs can charge, discharge, and serve as energy storage for the grid. Furthermore, the smart charging scenario is used to improve the coordination of EVs, local generation, and other loads. Implementing a certain control mechanism allows EVs to charge as well when PV power generation is high but not when the load is high.
