The Relation Between Chemical Composition, Energy Performance, and Environmental Impact with Biofuels Produced from Palm Kernel Shells Tatun Hayatun Nufus, Arifia Ekayuliana, Noor Hidayati, Dianta Mustofa Kamal, Seto Tjahyono
Teknik Mesin, Politeknik Negeri Jakarta, Depok, 16425, Indonesia
Abstract
Biofuels as an alternative renewable energy are increasingly important in efforts to reduce dependence on fossil fuels and reduce the environmental impact of carbon emissions. This article discusses a comparison of the quality of biofuel produced from the pyrolysis of palm oil shells and municipal waste with a focus on analysis of chemical composition, energy performance and environmental impact. This analysis aims to provide in-depth insight into the efficiency and sustainability of this type of biofuel. The method used in this research process is the pyrolysis method, namely providing a certain amount of heat to the pyrolysis reactor from palm oil shells are 200 oC, 250 oC, 300 oC which produces bio oil products. Then the bio oil is tested to determine the results of the chemical compounds contained in the bio oil and several energy parameter tests such as heating value, viscosity, density and bio oil yield. In the bio oil produced, we carry out a combustion process in order to obtain exhaust gas emissions, namely carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxide and sulfur dioxide. The conclusion from the series of test results for bio oil products is that pyrolysis at a temperature of 250 oC produces chemical composition results among them carbon 75.4%, hydrogen 4.32%, Oxygen 20.24%, Nitrogen 0.90%, Sulfur 0.17%. For Energy Parameters like Caloric Value 28.34 MJ/Kg, Density 1018 kg/m3, Viscosity 3.15 cp, Yield bio oil 30%. Then for the exhaust gas emissions CO2 28.34%, CO 39%, NOx 4.15%, SO2 0.018%.
Keywords: palm oil shells, chemical composition, energy parameters, exhaust gas emissions
