ANALYSIS THE EFFECT OF GAMMA IRRADIATION DOSE VARIATION CO-60 ON THE RESULTS OF BIODIESEL RANDEMEN WITH A CONTENT OF 100% CRUDE PALM OIL (CPO) THROUGH THE USE OF COOKING OIL Renaldy Bernardo Saragih, Wilada Nafi Royani, Dhita Ariyanti
Department of Nuclear Chemical Engineering, Polytechnic Institute of Nuclear Technology, National Research and Innovation Agency, Babarsari Street PO BOX 6101 YKBB Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
Directorate of Laboratory Management, Research Facilities, and Science and Technology Park, National Research and Innovation Agency, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
Abstract
Biodiesel is an alternative fuel produced from renewable vegetable or animal sources. This fuel has the ability to replace or mix with conventional diesel, with the aim of reducing exhaust emissions that harm the environment. This study aims to analyze the level of influence of cobalt-60 gamma irradiation on the results of randemen in the manufacture of biodiesel based on cooking oil or Crude Palm Oil. Biodiesel is synthesized from cooking oil through two main processes. First, through esterification using methanol as a solvent in a mole ratio of 1:6, involving an acid catalyst at a concentration of 0.05% by weight of oil. Second, through transesterification with methanol in a mole ratio of 1: 6 with a base catalyst, with a catalyst concentration used of 1% by weight of oil. Characterization of biodiesel from synthesis was carried out using FTIR spectrophotometer analysis technique, which identified the presence of ether and methyl functional groups as characteristic. The results of the analysis showed the presence of C-O bonds at wavenumbers 1020/cm-1040/cm and C-H bonds at wavenumbers 2980.88 / cm. Furthermore, the test was conducted in accordance with the Indonesian national standard (SNI) 7182-2015. The test results showed the results of biodiesel randemen at irradiation doses of 35 Kgy has the largest volume of 108 mL with a density of 831 kg/m3, kinematic viscosity of 5,780 mm2 / s at 40 Α-C, as well as the flame color reddish blue and slightly smoky, through gamma irradiation, biodiesel production can be increased in terms of production either with or without a mixture of other additional compounds that offer potential as an alternative fuel that is environmentally friendly and performs well.
