Self-Efficacy Affects Intention and Attitude Toward Human Papillomavirus Vaccination Among Urban Women in Indonesia
Dora Samaria, Desmawati, Fauziah Mawaddah, Nevin Zhasmin Mizka, Raras Dwinova

Universitas Pembangunan Nasional ^Veteran^ Jakarta

Abstract

Background: Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) vaccination has been demonstrated to reduce the risk of women being transmitted by the HPV infection effectively. Self-efficacy regarding immunization has been linked to rising acceptance rates and the overall intention of women to obtain the HPV vaccine.

Purpose: This study aims to identify the effect of self-efficacy on the intentions and attitudes of women regarding the HPV vaccine, including unmarried women aged 18-26, female adolescents aged 9-17 years, and mothers with adolescents who were eligible for the HPV vaccine.

Methods: 441 respondents were selected using the consecutive sampling method. This research employed a cross-sectional design from May 2023 to July 2023 in the Working Area of the DKI Jakarta Health Center. The research instruments comprised the Self-Efficacy Scale for HPV vaccination, the Intentions to Receive the HPV Vaccine Questionnaire, and The Attitude HPV, Cervical Cancer, and Vaccine HPV Questionnaire- all declared valid and reliable. The Kruskal Wallis Test, the Tukey HSD Post Hoc Test, and the Epsilon Squared Test were performed to measure the effect of self-efficacy and the effect size found.

Results: The three types of self-efficacy were shown to be significantly related to the intention (p<0.001) and attitude (p<0.001) of women in receiving the HPV vaccine and had a relatively strong effect size (Attitude: &#949-2=0.109, p<0.001- Intention: &#949-2=0.159, p<0.001).

Conclusion: Self-efficacy has significantly affected women^s intentions and attitudes in receiving the HPV vaccine. Furthermore, self-efficacy has a relatively strong effect size for predicting women^s attitudes and intentions in clinical settings, yet, it still requires experts^ judgment. Health promotion and cross-distribution mechanisms to assist finance vaccinations are recommended. A quasi-experimental design to assess the program^s effectiveness in increasing the self-efficacy of the HPV vaccine is suggested for further study.

Keywords: Attitude, Human Papilloma Virus Vaccine, Intention, Self-Efficacy, Women

Topic: Maternal and child health