RISK FACTORS AND DISTRIBUTION PATTERN OF PNEUMONIA IN TODDLERS IN SUMBANG DISTRICT, BANYUMAS REGENCY
Elsa Ismi Novianti(a), Siti Nurhayati (b), Dian Anandari (c)

Department of Biostatistics and Health Information System,
Public Health Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Jenderal Soediman

Abstract

ABSTRACT
Background: Pneumonia is irritation or inflammation in one or both lungs caused by bacteria, viruses or fungi. Pneumonia mostly infects children and infants. In Banyumas Regency, realization of finding toddlers with pneumonia was 77.8% in 2019. Risk factors and spatial analyses can inform us of the causes of pneumonia, overview of environmental conditions and distribution pattern of cases.
Method: A quantitative analytical research method using a control case. The case population was toddlers with pneumonia living in Sumbang District and the control population was toddlers without pneumonia living in Sumbang District, Banyumas Regency. The research samples were 110 respondents collected through a Consecutive Sampling. The data were collected through interview, measurement and locating the coordinate of patient^s house. The data were analyzed using SPSS, ArcGIS, and SaTscan through univariate, bivariate and spatial analyses.
Research Results: The research results show there is correlation of exclusive breastfeeding exclusive breast milk (p-value=0.000), immunization history (p-value=0.049), lighting (p-value=0.000), humidity (p-value=0.012), parents^ education (p-value=0.000), and parents^ income (p-value=0.022) with pneumonia occurrence in toddlers. The pattern of pneumonia cases in toddler was of group distribution, where there were 1 primary cluster and 6 secondary clusters and the distance of respondents^ houses from health service facilities was at 2 km radius.

Conclusion: Toddlers with non-exclusive breast milk, incomplete immunization history, ineligible house lighting, ineligible house humidity, parents^ low education, and parents^ low income have pneumonia occurrence in toddlers increased and their case distribution been of group distributioni.

Keywords: Pneumonia in Toddlers, Risk Factors, Spatial analysis, distribution pattern

Topic: Other Health Science-related Topics