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1 Animal Agribusiness and Related Subject ABS-35

Study on Identification of Macro-Environmental Factors in Fattening Business Development Bali Cattle in Barru Regency
1Astati, 2Ahmad Ramadhan Siregar, 2Hastang, 3Muhammad Basir Paly

1Agricultural Science Study Program, Graduate School Hasanuddin University
2Faculty of Animal Science, Hasanuddin University
Perintis Kemerdekaan Street Km 10, Makassar 90245, Indonesia
3Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Alauddin State Islamic University
H.M. Yasin Limpo Street No. 36 Gowa, Indonesia

*Corresponding E-mail: aramadhan[at]unhas.ac.id


Abstract

The purpose of this study was to obtain an overview of the results of the identification of the macro environment for the development of Bali cattle fattening business. The research was conducted in Barru Regency, South Sulawesi Province with survey methods, Focused Group Discussion and documentation. The data that has been collected is processed based on the substance of the study, and analyzed by descriptive statistics. The data collected for research purposes used 76 respondents from Bali cattle farmers using a Likert scale with six levels, namely a score of 6 means very-very good, a value of 5 means very good, 4 means good, 3 is quite good, 2 is not good, and 1 is not very good. The results of the study indicate that it needs to be continued and maintained because the results of the identification of the microenvironment can be used to formulate strategies for implementing the development of Bali cattle fattening business. The macro environment for the livestock breeding unit scored 3.68, livestock seed market unit was 3.43, the financial capital unit was 3.46, and the social capital unit was 3.08.

Keywords: Identification, macroenvironment, development, Bali cattle

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Astati Astati)


2 Animal Agribusiness and Related Subject ABS-55

Analysis of the Development Strategy of UPT PT and HMT Malang using SWOT and QSPM approach in Supporting the Jatim Agro Program
Ahmad Zarkasi Efendi (a*), Priyo Sugeng Winarto (a), Kuswati (a)

a) Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Jl. Veteran, Malang 65145, Indonesia
*zarkasi[at]student.ub.ac.id


Abstract

This research was aimed to analyze the development strategy at UPT PT and HMT Malang. This research is quantitative descriptive. Data obtained through interviews, observations and focus group discussions. Data analysis was carried out on internal and external factors using the SWOT matrix and the Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix (QSPM). Based on the Internal-Extenal Matrix, the institution^s position is in quadrant I (3.23 and 3.28), which means that the general strategy for growth is market penetration and product development. Meanwhile, based on the QSPM, the three priority strategies are: 1) Develop a digital marketing system to expand reach and target end consumers with adequate HR support, 2) Improving the positive image of government agency farm units through social media and establishing reciprocal relationships with customers, and 3) Optimizing the role of management to control strategic infectious diseases, including FMD outbreaks, by utilizing strict biosecurity facilities and procedures.

Keywords: Development strategy- SWOT- Internal-external matrix- QSPM

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Ahmad Zarkasi Efendi)


3 Animal Agribusiness and Related Subject ABS-56

Analysis of the Development of UPT PT and HMT Malang in Supporting the Goat Farming Agribusiness System
Ahmad Zarkasi Efendi (a*), Priyo Sugeng Winarto (a), Kuswati (a)

a) Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Jl. Veteran, Malang 65145, Indonesia
*)zarkasi[at]student.ub.ac.id


Abstract

UPT PT and HMT Malang is one of the East Java Provincial Government agencies which has the task of developing superior local goat commodities, especially Senduro, which originated from Lumajang Regency. However, not only Senduro Goats, UPT PT and HMT Malang can also develop other commodities as community facilities, research, study, apprenticeship education and field work practices. This paper aims to formulate the strategic role of UPT PT and HMT Malang in the supply chain and goat farming agribusiness system as well as leveraging efforts to suit the demands of community needs. This study uses a descriptive qualitative method which was carried out from August to September 2022 at UPT PT and HMT Malang. Data collection techniques were carried out through interviews, observations and focused group discussions. It was concluded that UPT PT and HMT Malang had played a role in: 1) cultivation subsystem as a producer of goat grand parent stock, lamb and forage seeds, 2) harvesting and processing subsystem as a producer in processing goat^s milk and its products as well as cow^s milk and its products, and also 3) supporting subsystems as providers of services in the field of extension, technical training, research sites and application of innovations. UPT PT and HMT Malang can further increase their role in the subsystem of production facilities as producers of dry feed, supply fresh and processed forage in the form of silage and hay. In the processing subsystem, UPT PT and HMT Malang can increase their role as producers of processing goat meat and livestock waste as organic fertilizer. To increase this role, it is recommended that UPT PT and HMT Malang increase promotion through digital marketing, increase the application of the latest livestock technology, and develop programs to improve human resources.

Keywords: UPT PT dan HMT Malang- Senduro Goat- goat grand parent stock, agribusiness subsystems- goat milk, digital marketing

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Ahmad Zarkasi Efendi)


4 Animal Agribusiness and Related Subject ABS-60

Farmers Empowerment of Beef Cattle Smallholder in Indonesia: A Reflection on Government Regulation Number 6 of 2013
Amam Amam(a), Mochamad Wildan Jadmiko(a), Pradiptya Ayu Harsita(a), Osfar Sjofjan(b), and Danung Nur Adli(b)

a) Department of Animal Science, Universitas Jember, East Java, Indonesia.
b) Faculty of Animal Science, University of Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia.


Abstract

Farmers empowerment is all efforts made by the government, provincial governments, district/city governments, and stakeholders in the field of husbandry and animal health to increase independence, provide convenience and business progress, as well as improve the competitiveness and welfare of farmers. The purpose of the research was to observe the empowerment of farmers according to Government Regulation Number 6 of 2013 and examine its effect on sustainable livestock development. The sustainable livestock development referred to in this research includes the ecological dimension, the economical dimension, the social and cultural dimension, the institutional dimension, and the technological dimension. The research was conducted in Bondowoso District, East Java Province, Indonesia with a quantitative descriptive method. Data and information were collected using desk research, observation, Focus Group Discussion (FGD), and surveys. This research involved 182 respondents in small-scale beef cattle business. The results showed that farmer empowerment had a positive and significant impact on the ecological as well as social and cultural dimensions, but had a negative and significant effect on the institutional and technological dimensions. The conclusion of the research was that farmer empowerment was not fully in accordance with Government Regulation Number 6 of 2013, so efforts to revitalize empowerment programs that support sustainable livestock development were needed.

Keywords: Farmer empowerment, sustainable animal husbandry development, small-scale beef cattle

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Amam Amam)


5 Animal Agribusiness and Related Subject ABS-80

FARMERS WILLINGNESS TO PAY FOR BEEF CATTLE BUSINESS INSURANCE IN TAKALAR REGENCY, INDONESIA
Vidyahwati Tenrisanna (a*), Kasmiyati Kasim (a), Veronica Sri Lestari (a). Mirnatul Qinayah (b)

(a) Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Hasanuddin
Jalan Perintis Kemerdekaan Km.10 Tamalanrea, Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia
*vidyawaty[at]unhas.ac.id
(b) Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Muhammadiyah Sinjai
Jalan Teuku Umar No. 8 Biringere, Kecamatan Sinjai Utara, Kabupaten Sinjai, South Sulawesi, Indonesia


Abstract

The development of beef cattle business is aimed at increasing food security and increasing people^s purchasing power through improving income. However, in cattle business activities there are risks faced by farmers such as livestock deaths caused by disease outbreaks or accidents. To provide protection to farmers from these risks, the Indonesian government has provided Cattle/Buffalo Livestock Business Insurance (AUTS/K) program subsidies to farmers up to 80%, where farmers pay a premium of IDR 40,000/head/year. However, the number of participants in Takalar Regency has not met the target. This research aims to analyse farmers^ willingness to pay (WTP) by implementing the contingency valuation method. This study is located in Desa Timbuseng, Kecmatan Polongbangkeng Utara, Takalar Regency. The number of respondents as many as 70 people are determined by using cluster random sampling. The result of the study is expected to contribute to increase the number of people raising beef cattle by participating in the AUTS program, so that it can support national food security

Keywords: beef cattle, food security, insurance, WTP

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Vidyahwati Tenrisanna)


6 Animal Agribusiness and Related Subject ABS-84

Factors Affecting Production of Pig farming in Minahasa Regency, North Sulawesi Province
Merry A V Manese (a*), Nansi M Santa (a), Poulla O V Waleleng (a)

(a) Faculty Of Animal Husbandry Science, Sam Ratulangi University, 95115, Indonesia
*merry_manese[at]unsrat.ac.id


Abstract

This study aims to analyze the factors that affect the production of pig farming in Minahasa Regency. This research was conducted in Minahasa Regency with locations determined by purposive sampling method in West Kakas and Kakas Subdistricts, with the consideration that these locations have a high population of pigs and have more than one model of pig farming. The sample was determined by the total quota sampling method, so that there were 80 pig farmers respondents. The data were analyzed using multiple linear regression equation model with natural logarithms, to analyze the factors that affect the production of pigs. The results showed that there were 2 models of pig farming, the breeding model and the fattening model. The fattening model resulted in a higher number of pig production than the breeding model. Factors that affect the production of pig farming in Minahasa Regency, North Sulawesi Prov-ince are feed, body gain of piglets, labor, level of education. The amount of production in fat-tening model of pig farming is higher than breeding model.

Keywords: pig farming, production, factors affecting

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Nansi Margret Santa)


7 Animal Agribusiness and Related Subject ABS-88

A perspective of consumer behavior using the theory of planned behavior on novel foods.
Awang Tri Satria (1*)

Department of Socio-economic- Universitas Brawijaya- Malang 65145, Indonesia


Abstract

The impact of increasingly rapid population growth makes stakeholder looking for to overcome the gap between supply and demand in agricultural products. Researchers have started to look for alternative food ingredients that require less resources to produce and decrease environmental impacts such as the greenhouse effect causes climate change. This article aims to review the acceptance of novel food as an alternative protein source of food. The results showed that the development of novel food technology rapidly, especially in countries concerned about environmental issues. Consumer acceptance was influenced by personal and societal considerations, comparisons with alternative protein sources, information about novel food products, and prices. In contrast, the barriers to the acceptance of novel food are ethical concerns, safety concerns, food neophobia, and unnaturalness. The results can be used as material on how to accept novel food in developing countries, especially with a large population and culture that may reject novel food. This article review the theory of planned behavior to measure the level of consumer intention towards a consumer behavior. The results showed that the construct Theory of planned behavior (attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavior control) could explain a consumer^s behavior towards a novel foods.

Keywords: Novel foods, Consumer acceptance, Consumer behavior, Theory of Planned Behavior

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Awang Tri Satria)


8 Animal Agribusiness and Related Subject ABS-89

Dual role of female workers in dairy cattle farming business at Pandermania Woman Farmers Groups, Batu, Malang
Anie Eka Kusumastuti, Erik Shandiego

Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang


Abstract

ABSTRACT: This research was conducted at Oro-Oro Ombo Village, Batu Malang, starting from March to April 2019. The research purposes were 1) to identify the dual role of female in dairy cattle farm, as well as 2) to study the working time of female in dairy farm. The research method used was survey method. The data collection was taken by using direct observation, interview with structured questionnaire to 30 respondents, and documentation. Data analysis used was descriptive analysis and economic analysis. The results revealed that female in Pandermania Farmer Group spent time in the dairy herd business in stratum I, II, and III respectively 184.2 minutes- 209.4 minutes and 259, 8 minutes, while a man in stratum I, II, and III was 187.8 minutes 186 minutes- and 296.4 minutes, respectively. The outflow of women^s work time in household activities at the business stratum I, II, and III respectively was: 310.2 minutes- 285 minutes- and 333.6 minutes. The average income of each farm in the business stratum I, II, and III respectively were as follows: IDR.1,321,223/ST/month- IDR.1,664,520/ST/month- and IDR.1,845,114/ST/month. The average income earned each month in the business stratum I, II, and III respectively were IDR.276,849/ST/month- IDR.676,296/ST/month- and IDR898,687/ST/month. It can be concluded that the third business stratum was the best and effective than the other stratum.

Keywords: dual role of female, dairy cattle business, Pandermania farmer group

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (anie eka kusumastuti)


9 Animal Agribusiness and Related Subject ABS-98

PRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF BROILER IN PARTNERSHIP SYSTEM DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
N. Febrianto, P. Akhiroh, B. Hartono

Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang Indonesia


Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has had an economic impact. This study aims to analysis the production costs, revenues, profits, and performance of broiler production. The research location was determined purposively in Kediri Regency. The research was carried out us-ing a survey method. A total of 45 broiler breeders are members of 9 partner companies and each company was represented by 5 broiler breeders used in this research. Data analysis used input-output and business productivity performance. The results showed that the lowest average cost of livestock production was 15,509 IDR/kg and the highest was 18,414 IDR/kg with an average farmer^s income of 3,119 IDR/kg/BB. The lowest BEP value was 15,509 IDR/kg and the highest was 18,414 IDR/kg. The results showed average mortality (4.04%), FCR (1.60), and IP (372.8). In conclusion, broiler farming is still profitable, and production performance is by production standards although management needs to be improved.

Keywords: broiler, covid-19, partnership, performance

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Nanang Febrianto)


10 Animal Agribusiness and Related Subject ABS-109

MULTI-CHANNEL STRATEGY IN PURSUING THE EFFICIENCY OF MARKETING ALONG MILK SUPPLY CHAIN
Hari Dwi Utami, M.B.Hariyono, Hary Nugroho, Nur Cholis, and Sri Rodiyah Isna Wati

Universitas Brawijaya


Abstract

Research was carried out at Batu City, Indonesia. Three purposes of study were (i) determining the flow information, milk products and financial, (ii) the relationships between supply chain participants and (iii) marketing margin. Four respondent groups namely suppliers, farmers, milk co-operatives, and consumers were selected by the purposive sampling method. Data collection involved primary data that obtained by survey method with structured questionnaire, and secondary data which provided by related institutions. Descriptive technique and marketing formulation were to analyse the data. Results discovered that information related milk products flowed from upstream to downstream and the vice versa stream was for product complaint. Three forms of product flow was started with dairy feeds, to fresh milk, then finally milk products (milk sticks, pasteurized milk, yogurt, and milk candy). Financial flow performed with several payment methods namely cash, credit card, transfer and e-payment. The coordination relationships was between farmers and supplier (backward linkage) and the collaboration network occurred for farmers and upstream sub-system connections (forward linkage). The efficiency of marketing was for milk candy with the higher of marketing margin about 66.67%.

Keywords: milk candy, milk stick, backward linkage, forward linkage, collaboration

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Hari Dwi Utami)


11 Animal Agribusiness and Related Subject ABS-115

Farmers^ Interest in Friesian Holstien (FH) Frozen Semen from Embryo Transferred Bull In Malang Regency, East Java.
Rizki Prafitri1), Kuswati1), Hermanto1), Puji Akhiroh1) Ferdi Adi Pratama2)

Universitas Brawijaya


Abstract

Low productivity and genetic quality are the most common problems in dairy farming in Indonesia. Artificial Insemination (AI) using high quality genetics straws will play role to increase the quality and quantity of dairy cows in Indonesia. Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya collaborated with the Singosari National AI Centre produced frozen semen from embryo transferred bull which certified with high quality genetics of Friesian Holstein (FH). This research aims to analyse farmers^ interest in using the Frozen semen to improve the genetic quality of their cows. This research also calculates the production cost of the frozen semen. Quantitative method used in this research. Primary data was gathered from interviewed with 50 farmers in Malang regency and secondary data from the Singosari National AI Centre. Data of the research confirmed that dairy farmers were very interested with the frozen semen from the embryo transferred bull produced by the Singosari National AI Centre. Farmers were willing to pay up to Rp. 50.000 per straw for the frozen semen. The Production cost of the frozen semen was Rp. 7,989,- per straw. In conclusion, Farmers were expecting the high genetic quality of frozen semen produced by the Singosari National AI Centre. The use of high genetic quality of frozen semen could increase the quality and quantity of dairy cows in Indonesia.

Keywords: Artificial Insemination, Frisian Holstein, Malang, Embryo Transferred

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Rizki Prafitri)


12 Animal Nutrition ABS-1

Effect of Grass Substitution with Cytophaga Sp Treated Sugarcane Tops on Rumen Fermentation in Vitro
Wisri Puastuti, Dwi Yulistiani and Susana IW Rahmani

Research Center for Livestock, National Research and Innovation Agency of the Republic of Indonesia (BRIN), Cibinong Sciences Center, Cibinong, Bogor, Indonesia, 16915


Abstract

Abstract

Processed sugarcane tops could be expected to be used as ruminants feed as grass substitute. The aim of this study was to determine rumen fermentability in vitro of sugarcane tops (SCT) fermented using Cytophaga sp in the ration as grass substitute. Sugarcane tops was fermented using Cytophaga sp (SCTC) for 5 days. In vitro test was carried out to measure sugarcane tops fermentability in complete rations as grass substitute. The rations were formulated to contained forage and concentrate at ratio 1:1. Grass as forage in the ration were substituted with fermented sugarcane tops, the inclusion of SCTC in the ration as follows: 0- 20, 40 and 50%. Unprocessed SCT in the ration at 50% was also evaluated to compare with fermented SCT ration. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with 5 treatments and 5 replications of each treatment. Results showed that NH3 levels, dry matter digestibility, bacteria and protozoa population were affected (P<0.05) by substitution of SCTC in the diet but did not produce a difference (P>0.05) in total VFA. The dry matter digestibility of SCT or SCTC rations was higher than SCTC0 rations (61.54-66.19% vs 58.39%). The production of methane gas was similar to all rations (44.4-48.9 ml/g DM digested). From this study it can be concluded that SCT and SCTC can replace grass in the ration without interfering with rumen fermentation.

Keywords: Key words: Sugarcane top, Cytophaga, elephant grass, rumen fermentation

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Wisri Puastuti)


13 Animal Nutrition ABS-4

Application of Eupencillium javanicum BS4 enzyme powder in Palm Kernel Meal feed for Layer Chicken
Tuti Haryati , Arnold Parlindungan Sinurat, Agustin Herliatika

BRIN


Abstract

Palm Kernel Meal (PKM) is a waste product from palm oil industry that has high potential energy and protein content for animal feedstuff. However, the usage of PKM is limited due to high crude fiber content and low nutrient digestibility. &#946--Manannase liquid enzyme produced from Eupenicillium javanicum BS4 has been used to increase nutrient availability and reduce mannan content in PKM. In this experiment, we compared the effectiveness of free liquid enzyme and pollard-immobilized enzyme in the performance of the layer chicken. Firstly, the recovery of immobilized enzyme in different ratio of enzyme and pollard were measured (1:1, 1:2, and 1:3 w/v), and we concluded that 1:1 ratio has the highest recovery activity (75%). That recovery value showed not all enzyme added expressed the activity in vitro. Five treatments were assigned randomly to four contiguous cages in each of four rows in a randomized complete block design: (i) positive control (commercial)- negative control, liquid enzyme treatment, pollard immobilized enzyme added at 20ml/kg PKM and 26.7ml/kg PKM respectively). Result showed that pollard immobilized enzyme treatment (20ml/Kg PKM) had 4.16 (the most efficient) Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) (g feed/g egg), liquid enzyme treatment had 4.80 FCR and pollard-immobilized enzyme (26.7ml/Kg PKM) had the least efficient FCR (8.72). Feed consumption and egg quality did not differ significantly among the treatments. We concluded that the most efficient feed is the one that added with pollard immobilized enzyme 20ml/kg PKM.

Keywords: Palm Kernel Meal, manannase-enzymes, layer

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Tuti Haryati)


14 Animal Nutrition ABS-6

Forage production at different age of oil palm plantation as feed source for beef cattle in musi banyuasin , south sumatera
Endang Sutedi1, Iwan Herdiawan1, Yeni Widiawati1, Dwi Yulistiani1, Diana Andrianita K1 and Achmad Fanindi1

BRIN


Abstract

Keywords: forage, oil palm age, feed source, beef cattle

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Endang Sutedi)


15 Animal Nutrition ABS-9

Effect of feeding on wet fermented diet containing a combination of maggot flour (Hermetia illucens) and active digestive enzymes on percentage carcass and abdominal fat, fat and cholesterol contents on muscle of BSA hybrid chicken
M. Aman Yaman*, Fiqin Muharyati Asauri, Zulfan, Sri Jeksi

Field Laboratory of Animal Sciences (LLP)
Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Syiah Kuala,
Jalan Tgk Hasan, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia


Abstract

This study aimed to obtain information on the effect of wet fermented feed containing a combination of maggot flour (Hermetia illucens) and active digestive enzymes on carcass percentage, abdominal fat, fat and cholesterol levels of BSA hybrid chicken meat (Crossbred by Brahma, Saigon and Native Chicken). The research material was BSA hybrid chickens (unsex) designed by a Completely Randomized Design consisting of 4 treatments and 3 replications, namely P0+ = positive control (100% commercial diet)- P0- = negative control (wet fermented diet only)- P1 = (wet fermented diet+ 9% maggot flour + 0.5% active digestive enzymes)- P2 = (wet fermented diet+ 12% maggot flour + 1% active digestive enzymes). Parameters observed included: carcass and abdominal fat percentages, fat and cholesterol contents of breast muscle. The results showed that hybrid chicken fed on a wet fermented diet containing a combination of maggot flour and active digestive enzymes had no different on carcass percentage, but resulted a carcass percentage equivalent to hybrid chickens fed commercial diet. In addition, fermented diet containing a combination of 9% maggot flour and 0.5% active digestive enzymes reduced abdominal fat percentage, fat and cholesterol contents of chicken meat. In conclusion, chicken fed on a wet fermented diet containing a combination of 9% maggot flour and 0.5% active digestive enzymes resulting a best meat quality for consumers compared to commercial diet and other treatments.

Keywords: hybrid chicken, maggot flour, active digestive enzymes, fat, cholesterol

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (M Aman Yaman)


16 Animal Nutrition ABS-11

The interactive influenced of nano-structured encapsulation of Moringa oleifera leave particle size and liquid: Growth performance, and gut morphometric of Lohmann broiler
O Sjofjan1, D N Adli1, M H Natsir1, Y F Nuningtyas1

1) Faculty of animal science, University of Brawijaya, 65145, East Java, Indonesia


Abstract

The research purpose is to carry out the possible effect of moringa oleifera on Growth performance, and intestinal properties of Lohmann broiler. 104 one-day-old broilers were randomly allocated to 5 dietary treatments and 4 replicates of 5 birds per cage. Four treatments used for research were dietary with control (T0), basal diet + moringa oleifera 80 g (T1), Drinking water + 2 mL/L moringa oleifera (T2), and basal feed + moringa oleifera 80 g+ drinking water 2 mL/L moringa oleifera (T3). The results showed that using moringa oleifera presented no significant difference (P < 0.05) on body weight gain at 1-35 days and intestinal properties. On the microstructure didn^t affect negative to it stucture. To sum up, the used of moringa oleifera in feed gives a positive result on the broiler intestinal properties.

Keywords: crypt depth, moringa oleifera, villus height

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Danung Nur Adli)


17 Animal Nutrition ABS-13

Carrying Capacity Feed of Agricultural Waste on Rainfed Land in Grobogan Regency and Waste Treatment Innovation
Amrih Prasetyo 1, Agung Prabowo1, and Tota Suhendrata

National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Indonesia, Gedung B.J. Habibie, Jl. M.H. Thamrin No. 8, Jakarta Pusat 10340, Indonesia


Abstract

Agricultural land in Indonesia is divided into several types of the agroecosystem. In the lowlands, there are two agro-ecosystem, namely rainfed rice fields and irrigated fields. Land as a place to grow plants in each agroecosystem has different productivity, influenced by the availability of water throughout the year. The main problems in Rainfed Rice Fields are soil biophysical conditions and limited socio-economic infrastructure, uncertain water availability guarantees, low soil fertility, and generally still traditional local varieties. Condition of Rainfed Rice Fields has the characteristics of the frequent occurrence of water scarcity, fragile environment, drought and land degradation due to soil erosion by wind and water, low water efficiency (35 - 45%),. Through the application of technology, many agricultural by-products and waste streams can be converted into nutritious animal feed ingredients that produce valuable animal food products (meat, milk, eggs). The aim of studied for utilities agricultural wastes to determain of feed carrying capacity agricultural waste on rainfed land in Grobogan Regency, Central Java, Indonesia

Keywords: Carrying Capacity, Agricultural Waste,. Rainfed Land, Waste Treatment

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Amrih Prasetyo)


18 Animal Nutrition ABS-15

Extract of noni leaf (Morinda citrifolia) as phytobiotic for laying quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica)
Asriani Hasanuddin, Rusdi Rusdi*, Mulyati Mulyati, Fatmawati Fatmawati, Sri Sarjuni and Moh Basri

Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Fishery,
Tadulako University ,
Palu 94119, Indonesia


Abstract

Antibiotics are prohibited being used in the rations, due to the emergence of resistance in the digestive tract microbiota and residues in products that can harm consumers. Studies have been conducted to find alternative feed additives, one category of supplementary feed derived from plants or parts of plants is phytobiotics. Phytobiotics are derived from medicinal plants or other plants that have phytochemical elements and can improve the performance of livestock through modifying in the microbiota ecosystem in the intestine, increasing enzyme secretion, improving intestinal morphology so that there is an increase in the absorption of nutrients in the digestive tract, and improving livestock health. This study aimed to examine the effect of using noni leaf extract (NE) as phytobiotics for laying quail through evaluation on feed intake, daily egg production, feed conversion ratio (FCR) and quail egg quality. A hundred and sixty of laying quail, 12 weeks old, were randomly set on five treatments and five replicates in eight birds per replicate. They were maintained according to the standard management for seven weeks. The ingredients of the diet were maize, rice bran, soy bean, fish meal, cooking oil, minerals, methionine and lysine, formulated to achieve 20% of protein content. Treatments are basal diet only (N00), a basal diet+0.01% of NE (N01), a basal diet+0.02% of NE (N02), a basal diet+0.03% of NE (N03) and a basal diet +0.04% of NE (N04). Diets and water were freely available throughout the period of the experiment. Birds were weighed at the beginning of the experiment. Intake was recorded weekly, and egg production was recorded daily. The variables are feed intake, daily egg production, FCR, and egg quality including egg weight, yolk index, albumin index, eggshell thickness and haugh unit (HU). Data were subjected to ANOVA and the Duncan test for comparison. The experiment results proved that inclusion of noni leaf extract in the diet produced a non-signi

Keywords: phytobiotic, noni, laying, quail, egg quality

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Asriani Hasanuddin)


19 Animal Nutrition ABS-16

Effect of Chitosan as an Alternative Additive on Preservation Quality of Silage : a Meta-analysis
R. P. Harahap1,5*, Y. Rohayeti1, D. Setiawan1, D. Heraini1, Sadarman2,5, Nahrowi3, S. Suharti3, A. Jayanegara3,5, D. N. Adly4,5

1Study Program of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tanjungpura University, Pontianak, 78124, Indonesia
2Department of Animal Science, Sultan Syarif Kasim State Islamic University, Pekanbaru, 28293, Indonesia
3Departement of Nutrition and Feed Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University, Bogor, 16680, Indonesia
4Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, 65145, Indonesia
5Animal Feed and Nutrition Modelling (AFENUE) Research Group, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University, Bogor, 16680, Indonesia


Abstract

Chitosan is a biodegradable, antimicrobial, and antifungal polysaccharide to be used as an alternative silage additive. This study aimed to determine the effects of chitosan addition on fermentative profile, total losses, in vitro degradation of silage, and in situ digestibility. A total of eight studies of six articles that reported chitosan use as a silage feed additive were integrated into a database. Data were analyzed according to a mixed model methodology in which different studies were treated as random effects and chitosan silage additive doses were treated as fixed effects. Results showed that chitosan addition was able to reduce pH, ethanol, yeast and mold of silage (P<0.05), followed by decreased effluent, gas, and total losses of silage (P<0.05). The chitosan increased lactic acid bacteria and DM recovery of silage (P<0.05). Chitosan increased concentration of lactic and acetic acid (P<0.05). Chitosan did not influence the silage^s NH3-N, propionic, and butyric (P>0.05). In contrast, adding chitosan decreased NDF in situ digestibility, besides increasing the DMD in situ digestibility of silage (P<0.05). However, chitosan addition decreased NDF and DMD in vitro degradation of silage (P<0.05). In conclusion, adding chitosan as a silage feed additive may benefit the preservation quality of silage by increasing lactic acid bacteria and DM recovery.

Keywords: additive, chitosan, digestibility, meta-analysis, silage fermentation.

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Rakhmad Perkasa Harahap)


20 Animal Nutrition ABS-26

Performance of broilers fed with phytogenic and probiotic feed additives in the ration
Muhammad Daud, M A Yaman, Z Fuadi, Mulyadi, Arismawan

Syiah Kuala University


Abstract

Research on ration formulation strategies using phytogenic and probiotic feed additives in the ration as an alternative to Antibiotics Growth Promoter with the aim of improving feed quality and improving broiler performance. The research method used is an experimental method, using a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of four treatments and four replications. The research materials used were grower and finisher broilers and phytogenic and probiotic feed additives as well as local feed ingredients such as: rice bran, corn, sago pulp, coconut cake, and fish meal. The ration treatments used were as follows: P1=Basal ration (control)- P2=Basal ration + phytogenic- P3=Basal ration + probiotics- and P4 = Basal ration + phytogenic + probiotic. The variables observed included: ration consumption, ration conversion, weight gain, final body weight and mortality. The data obtained were analyzed by ANOVA and continued with Duncan^s test. The results showed that the use of phytogenic and probiotic feed additives in the ration showed significant results on ration consumption, ration conversion, weight gain, and final body weight and could reduce broiler mortality in the grower and finisher phases. In conclusion the use of phytogenic and probiotic feed additives in the ration could have a positive effect on the performance of broilers in the grower and finisher phases

Keywords: phytogenic, probiotic, feed adiitives, broilers

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Muhammad Daud)


21 Animal Nutrition ABS-27

XYLANASE SUPPLEMENTATION ON TAMARINDUS INDICA IN MASH AND PELLET FORM FOR BROILER CHICKENS
N.G.A Mulyantini S.S., Victor J Balo, Ulrikus R Lole

Faculty of Animal Science, Marine and Fisheries - Universitas Nusa Cendana, Jl. Adisucipto Penfui Kupang NTT, Indonesia


Abstract

Tamarind seeds are locally available abundantly, cheap and nutritious, they have great potential for profitable poultry farming in a cost-effective way. However, they contain antinutrient, and may be the indigestible nature of its polysaccharide are the primary factor responsible for the poor utilization of tamarind seed. Xylanase supplementation and diet form (mash or pellet) are two things that must be considered to cope with the problem. This study was aimed to analyze the effect of xylanase supplementation on tamarind seed meal-based diet in mash and pellet form on broiler performance. The experiment method was used 3 x 2 x 2 factorial design, compared the effects of diets (Tamarind seed meal 0%, 5% and 10%), feed processing (pelleted vs. mash) and enzyme addition (with or without xylanse) on broiler performance. 360 broiler chicks were allocated to 12 treatments with 6 replicates of 5 chicks/replicate in a completely randomised design. The results showed body weght gain, feed intake and feed conversion ratio of broilers fed 5% tamarind seed meal were significantly improved by enzyme supplementation to the diets. The interactions between diets form (pellet) and enzyme supplementation were significant on most performance characteristics. In conclusion, results indicated that application of feed processing in combination with highly efficacious enzymes may improve performance of broiler chickens fed 5% tamarind seed meal.

Keywords: Tamarind seed meal, broiler, mash, pellet, xylanase

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (N.G.A MULYANTINI-S.S)


22 Animal Nutrition ABS-29

Effectiveness of Protease Enzyme in Local Ingredients with Different Level of Protein on Growth and Carcass Yields of Broiler Chickens
N.G.A. Mulyantini S.S., N.P.F Suryatni, Ulrikus R Lole

Faculty of Animal Science, Marine and Fisheries - Universitas Nusa Cendana,
Jl. Adisucipto Penfui Kupang NTT, Indonesia


Abstract

This study was aimed to analyze the effectiveness of protease enzyme in diet with different level of protein for growth and carcass yield of broilers. A total of 180 one-day-old broiler chickens were randomly placed into 6 different experimental treatments. Each treatment was assigned to 6 replicates with 5 chicks per pen. The experiment was terminated at 35 days of chicken age. The method used was a completely randomized design with a 2x3 factorial design, 2 enzyme treatments (without vs with enzymes), and 3 protein levels (19%, 18%, and 17%). The EM content in all research rations was 3100 kcal/kg. The results showed broiler fed 18% protein diet with protease enzyme supplementation significantly (P<0.05) increased feed intake, weight gain, final weight, and percentage of carcass. In conclusion, feed at protein levels of 18% with protease enzyme supplementation can be applied to increase growth, and carcass of broiler chickens.

Keywords: Broiler, carcass, growth, local ingredients, protease

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (N.G.A MULYANTINI-S.S)


23 Animal Nutrition ABS-30

Productivity of three Benggala grass cultivars (Panicum maximum sp.) Which is cultivated as an intercropping in 15 years old oil palm plantations
Iwan Herdiawan, Endang Sutedi, Achmad Fanindi and Sajimin

Research Center For Animal Husbandry, National Research and Innovation Agency


Abstract

Abstract is submitted as file

Keywords: productivity, Benggala grass, shade, oil palm

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Iwan Herdiawan)


24 Animal Nutrition ABS-31

Effect of Plant Regulators on Fiber Fraction Content of Mangrove Leaves (Rhizopora apiculata) as Animal Feed
G Yanti2, N Jamarun1, Suyitman1, B Satria3, RWW Rani2, Z Ikhlas4

1Lecturer of Animal Science Faculty, Universitas Andalas
2Doctoral Student of Animal Science Faculty, Universitas Andalas
3Lecturer of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture Universitas Andalas
4Postgraduate Student of Animal Science Faculty, Universitas Andalas


Abstract

Carbohydrates are a form of carbon storage as a result of photosynthesis, which consists of crude fiber and fiber fraction, which is stored by plants in the form of leaves, branches and twigs. The yield of plant biomass can be increased by defoliation and giving Plant regulators in the vegetative phase. Exogenous cytokinin application has been reported can to stimulate growth and development of lateral shoots. Aims the study was to see the effect of plant regulators on the fiber fraction and lignin content of the leaves of Mangrove (Rhizopora apiculata) as forage for animal feed. This study used a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 5 treatments and 4 replications. Which consists of T1: control, T2: BAP, T3: TDZ, T4: JM, T5: AK. The results of the study show that the lowest NDF and ADF content found in the T5 treatment were 38.53% and 28.23%. This value was significantly different (P<0.05%) with the control treatment, T2, T3 and T4. The lowest lignin content was found in the T4 treatment (9.32%) and the highest in the control treatment (T1) (13.01%). The lignin content of T4 was significantly different (P>0.05%) with T2, T3 and T5 treatments. The conclusion is plant regulators reduced the content of ADF, NDF and lignin in Rhizopora apiculata leaves. Giving Plant Regulator slows down the aging process so that it reduces the lignin content.

Keywords: Plant regulators, Rhizopora apiculata, fiber fraction

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Gusri Yanti)


25 Animal Nutrition ABS-33

Evaluation of Crude Fiber Reduction Enzymatically in Cocoa Hull on Feed toward Cholesterol, Abdominal Fat, and Blood Lipid Profile of Hybrid Peking Duck Meat
Agni Ayudha Mahanani (a) Riska Mayangsari (b*)

a) Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Sulawesi Barat, Majene Indonesia
b) Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sulawesi Barat,Majene, Indonesia
*riska.mayangsari28[at]gmail.com


Abstract

Abstract

Cocoa hull is a high nutrient local feed ingredient that is widely used by traditional duck farmers. Duck meat contains approximately 5.71% fat and 0.06% cholesterol. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of reduction of the crude fiber of enzymatically in cocoa hull on cholesterol levels, abdominal fat, and blood lipid profile of hybrid Peking duck meat. The research material was cocoa hull and 150 hybrid Peking ducks aged 14 days. Dry feed was given ad libitum in the form of mash. The research design used was a completely randomized design with 5 treatments and 5 replications each using 5 ducks. The treatments were (P0: feed with 10% bran without enzymatic cocoa hull, P1: feed with 7.5% bran + 2.5% enzymatic cocoa hull P2: feed with 5% bran + 5% enzymatic cocoa hull, P3: feed with 2.5% bran + 7.5% enzymatically in cocoa hull, P4: feed with 0% bran + 10% enzymatically in cocoa hull. Data were analyzed using One Way Anova (ANCOVA) variance analysis. The results showed that the reduction of crude fiber enzymatically in cocoa hull had a very significant effect (P<0.01) on cholesterol, abdominal fat, HDL, LDL and triglyceride levels of hybrid Peking duck meat. It can be concluded that the reduction of crude fiber enzymatically in cocoa hull to a level of 10% can reduce cholesterol, abdominal fat, LDL, and triglyceride levels, and increase HDL levels of hybrid Peking duck meat.

Keywords: cocoa hull- cholesterol - crude fiber- HDL-LDL

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Riska Mayangsari)


26 Animal Nutrition ABS-34

Optimization of the Hydrothermal Process Extrusion of Local Palm Kernel Cake as Raw Material for the Feed Industry
Lidya Foni, Heri Ahmad Sukria, Yuli Retnani, Sazli Tutur Risyahadi

IPB University


Abstract

Palm kernel cake is one of the by-products of palm oil extraction. The availability is quite a lot, but its use in poultry rations is still limited, this is because the crude fiber content is still mixed with the shell of palm kernel cake, so it needs physical treatment, namely sieving and, extrusion. This study aims to optimize the extrusion process of palm kernel cake in order to produce optimal crude protein and crude fiber content. The process variables used in this research are extrusion temperature and moisture content as optimization variables in the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) design. There are two stages of research, 1) the sieving of palm kernel cake to separate the shell by filtering at mash size &#8804-0.600 mm. 2) the extrusion process uses temperatures ranging from 72 to 128OC and moisture content ranging from 22 to 78%. The main variables of response are crude protein, crude fiber, and ether extract. The results showed that sieving reduced crude fiber and the value of crude protein decreased but were not significant. Based on the trends of surface plots, the optimal process is achieved by temperature of 120OC and moisture content of 70%. Extrusion can reduce crude fiber content, weanwhile changes in a temperature and water content in the extrusion process have not been able to significantly reduce crude fiber (P<0.05).

Keywords: palm kernel cake, sieved, extrusion, RSM

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Lidya Foni)


27 Animal Nutrition ABS-39

Blood Metabolite Status of Kacang Goat Fed Basal Ration of Fermented Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) Top and Titonia (Tithonia diversifolia) supplemented with Advocado Waste.
Zaitul Ikhlas4, Novirman Jamarun1, Arief2, Roni Pazla1, Gusri Yanti3

1 Department of Nutrition Science and Feed Technology, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Andalas University, Padang, Indonesia.
2.Department of Livestock Production Technology, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Andalas University, Padang, Indonesia.
3.Doctoral Student of Animal Science Faculty, Andalas University
4.Postgraduate Student of Animal Science Faculty, Andalas University


Abstract

The use of fermented sugarcane tops is intended as a source of energy and fermented Titonia as a forage protein source in Kacang goat rations. Avocado waste also given as a part of consentrates aims to enrich the ration with vitamins and minerals in order to optimize rumen bioprocess. The aim of this study was to obtain good performance of Kacang goats through appropriate ration formulation based on fermented forage (sugarcane tops and titonia) with supplemented avocado waste. This ration formulation is expected to minimize the use of concentrate in the ration. This study used 16 male kacang goats aged 1.5 year which were divided into 4 groups based on body weight. The concentrate consists of rice bran, corn, palm kernel cake, salt and minerals. The design used was a randomized block design with 4 ration treatments and 4 weight groups of goats as replicates, namely: (T0 = Sugarcane tops 35% + Titonia 5% + 0% advocado waste + 60% concentrates, T1 = Sugarcane Tops 35% + Titonia 9.5% + Avocado 0.5% + Concentrate 55%, T2= Sugarcane Tops 35% + Titonia 14% + Avocado 1% + Concentrate 50%, T3= Sugarcane Tops 35% + Titonia 18.5% + Avocado 1.5% + Concentrate 45%). The parameters measured were blood metabolites (cholesterol, high density lipoprotein (HDL), and Low density lipoprotein (LDL). The results of the study showed that the T3 treatment gave the best blood metabolites. The cholesterol value was 88.70 mg/dl which normal ranged for goat between (64 ,60 - 136.40 mg/dl), HDL (high density lipoprotein) was 53.36 (mg/dl) which normally ranges from 22.5-55.67 (mg/dl), and LDL (Low density lipoprotein) with a value of 29.17 (mg/dl) where the normally ranges from 20.17 - 77.32 (mg/dl).

Keywords: Kacang goat, Titonia, Sugarcane tops, advocado waste, Cholesterol

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (zaitul ikhlas)


28 Animal Nutrition ABS-40

THE EVALUATION OF FIBER FRACTION CONTENT OF OIL PALM FROND FERMENTED BY LOCAL BIOACTIVATORS RUMEN CONTENT AS RUMINANT FEED
Tri Astuti1*, Syahro A. Akbar1, Iszma1, dan , Fajri Basyirun2

University of Mahaputra Muhammad Yamin, Indonesia


Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the fiber fraction content of fermented palm fronds using local bioactivators of rumen contents with different length incubation as ruminant feed. The design used in this study was a factorial design in a 2 x 3 with 3 replications for each treatment. Factor A was a type of bioactivator A1 (Lactic Acid Bacteria) A2 (Crude Enzymes) and factor B was incubation period of 0 days, 5 days, and 7 days. The parameter was the fiber fraction content of the oil palm frond. There are NDF, ADF, Cellulose, and Hemicellulose. The results showed that fermentation based on local bioactivator of livestock waste can reduce lignin content so that it will increase nutrient digestibility. The best results were in fermentation with a source of bioactivator in the rumen with an incubation period of 5 days.

Keywords: oil palm frond,local bioactivator, crude enzyme

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Tri Astuti)


29 Animal Nutrition ABS-41

IN VITRO RUMEN FERMENTATION OF COMPLETE FEED SILAGE ADDED WITH CHESTNUT TANNINS ON pH, NH3, AND TOTAL VFA
Sadarman (a,h,*), Dewi Febrina (a,h), Dery Mastin (b), Rakhmad Perkasa Harahap (c,h), Novia Qomariyah (d,h), Danung Nur Adli (e,h), Rizki Amalia Nurfitriani (f,h), Anuraga Jayanegara (g,h)

aDepartment of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Animal Science, State Islamic University of Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau, Jl. H.R. Soebrantas No. 155 KM 18, Pekanbaru 28293, Indonesia
bGraduate School, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Animal Science, State Islamic University of Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau, Jl. H.R. Soebrantas No. 155 KM 18, Pekanbaru 28293, Indonesia
cStudy Program of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tanjungpura University, Jl. Prof. H. Hadari Nawawi, Pontianak 78124, Indonesia
dResearch Center for Animal Husbandry, Research Organization for Agriculture and Food, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Cibinong Science Center, Jl Raya Jakarta-Bogor, Bogor 16915, Indonesia
eDepartment of Nutrition and Feed Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, University of Brawijaya, Jl. Veteran, Malang 65145, Indonesia
fDepartment of Animal Science, Politeknik Negeri Jember, Jl. Mastrip, Jember 68101, Indonesia
gDepartment of Nutrition and Feed Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University, Jl. Agatis, Bogor 16680, Indonesia
hAnimal Feed and Nutrition Modelling (AFENUE) Research Group, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University, Jl. Agatis, Bogor 16680, Indonesia


Abstract

This study aimed to know in vitro rumen fermentation of complete feed silage added with chestnut tannins. A completely randomized design with five treatments and five replications was used in the manufacture of complete feed silage. The treatment in question is P1 = Complete Feed. Furthermore, for P2, P3, P4, and P5, each added chestnut tannins (%BK) 0.50- 1- 1.50- and 2%, then ensiled for 30 days, dried, and floured to a size of 1 mm, then tested in vitro. The parameters measured were post-incubation rumen pH and rumen fermentation products (ammonia and total VFA). The data obtained were analyzed based on analysis of variance, and if there was a significant effect between treatments, then Duncan^s test was continued at a 5% level. The results of this study showed that the use of chestnut tannins as a silage additive to synthesize complete feed had a significant effect (P<0.05) on ammonia with an average value ranging from 15.2-17.1 mM, the overall ammonia concentration in each treatment was still within normal limits, i.e. 6-21 mmol/l. Post-incubation rumen pH and total VFA were not affected by chestnut tannins, but the values of these two variables were still within normal limits. This study concluded that adding chestnut tannins 0.50% DM in complete feed silage can stabilize the post-incubation rumen pH and rumen fermentation products in vitro.

Keywords: ammonia, chestnut tannins, in vitro, complete feed, pH, silage, total VFA

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Sadarman Sadarman)


30 Animal Nutrition ABS-43

INTAKE, BODY WEIGHT GAINT AND FEED EFFICIENCY OF KACANG GOAT FED BY MANGROVE (Rhizophora apiculata) AND TITHONIA (Tithonia diversifolia) WITH DIFFERENT LEVELS
RONI PAZLA1, NOVIRMAN JAMARUN1, ARIEF2, ELIHASRIDAS1, GUSRI YANTI3, ZAITUL IKHLAS4

1 Department of Nutrition Science and Feed Technology, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Andalas University, Padang, Indonesia.
2.Department of Livestock Production Technology, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Andalas University, Padang, Indonesia.
3.Doctoral Student of Animal Science Faculty, Andalas University
4.Postgraduate Student of Animal Science Faculty, Andalas University


Abstract

The use of mangrove leaves aims to fulfill energy sources and fermented titonia as forage protein sources in goat nut rations. This study aims to determine intake, body weight gain and efficiency of kacang goat rations fed mangrove leaves and titonia with different levels. This study used 16 male kacang goats aged 1 year which were divided into 4 groups based on body weight. The concentrate consists of tofu dregs, rice bran, corn, palm kernel cake, salt and minerals. The design used was a randomized block design with 4 ration treatments and 4 groups of goat body weight as replicates, namely: (T0 = Mangrove 35% + Titonia 5% + Concentrate 60%, T1 = Mangrove 30% + Titonia 10% + Concentrate 60% , T2= Mangrove 25% + Titonia 15% + Concentrate 60%, T3= Mangrove 20% + Titonia 20% + Concentrate 60%). Parameters measured include Intake, body weight gain, and feed efficiency). The results showed that the different levels of mangrove leaves and titonia gave no significant effect (P<0.05) on ration consumption, body weight gain and ration efficiency. The composition of the ration in T0 treatment, namely Mangrove 35% + Titonia 5% + Concentrate 60%, was able to maintain feed intake, increase body weight gaint and feed efficiency.

Keywords: body weight gain, feed efficiency, Kacang goat, mangrove, titonia

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (roni Pazla)


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